Highlights Flexible Bandwidth Terabit Coherent Optical Communication Networks by Optical Arbitrary Waveform Generation and Measurement
Highlights Flexible Bandwidth Terabit Coherent Optical Communication Networks by Optical Arbitrary Waveform Generation and Measurement
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重点介绍通过光任意波形生成和测量实现灵活带宽太比特相干光通信网络
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发表时间：
2011
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通讯作者：
S. Yoo
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作者：
S. Yoo
光网络的发展指数数据传输率的不断增长已经改变了现代网络的面貌。在20世纪90年代后期，波分复用（WDM）技术成功地满足了容量需求的指数增长，当时该技术已经商业化。光网络的这个初始阶段，通常被称为1997年部署的第一代光网络，重点是点对点链路容量的增加。除了简单的容量增加之外，光联网的真正益处可以源自直接在光层中的这种巨大带宽的可重新配置性，而不涉及数据平面中的电子器件。第二代光网络通过适当地配置光网络元件内的光学器件来实现光波长电路路径（光路）的重新配置。它还支持格式和协议透明性，并简化了数据平面中的硬件要求。随着可重构光分插复用器（ROADM）和光交叉连接器（OXC）的不断发展，我们期待第三代光网络能够解决更高容量业务的动态重构问题。第三代光网络预计将以两种可能的配置出现。一种是分组敏捷光网络技术，另一种是流敏捷光网络技术。在这两种配置中，每根光纤都必须支持极高的数据速率。在实际应用中，单模光纤放大器的可用带宽受到放大技术带宽的限制，常用的掺铒光纤放大器（EDFA）的带宽在5~10 THz量级。为了在有限的频谱带宽中实现高容量通信，光通信的最近趋势是采用高级调制格式，其实现高频谱效率以及密集WDM（DWDM）。这种演变的历史趋势见图1和图2 [1]。
Evolution of Optical Networking Exponent ia l increases in data t raf f ic have transformed the landscape of modern networks. In the latter part of the 1990s, the exponential growth in capacity demands were successfully met by the wavelength-division-multiplexing (WDM) technology which had become commercially available by then. This initial phase of optical networking, often referred to as the first generation optical networking deployed in 1997, focused on point-to-point link capacity increases. Beyond the simple capacity increase, the true benefit of optical networking may arise from the reconfigurabil i ty of such vast bandwidths directly in the optical layer without involving electronics in the data plane. The second-generation optical networking achieves reconfiguration of optical wavelength circuit paths (lightpaths) by properly configuring the optics within the optical network elements. It also supports format and protocol transparency, and simplifies the hardware requirements in the data plane. With the on-going deployment of reconfigurable optical add drop multiplexers (ROADMs) and optical crossconnects (OXCs), we anticipate the thirdgeneration optical networking to address dynamic reconfiguration of even higher capacity traffic. The third generation optical networking is expected to appear in two possible configurations. One is a packetagile optical networking technology and the other is a flow-agile optical networking technology. In both configurations, extremely high data rates must be supported on each strand of fiber. In practical implementations, usable bandwidth of a single mode fiber with amplification is limited by the bandwidth of amplification technologies, which is on the order of 5~10 THz for commonly used erbiumdoped fiber amplifiers (EDFAs). In order to achieve high capacity communications in the limited spectral bandwidth, the recent trend in optical communications has been to adopt advanced modulation formats that achieve high spectral efficiency together with dense WDM (DWDM). The historical trend of this evolution appears in Figure 1 and Figure 2 [1].