Speculative futures: Cities, data, and governance beyond smart urbanism
Speculative futures: Cities, data, and governance beyond smart urbanism
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投机性未来：智慧城市化之外的城市、数据和治理
DOI：
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发表时间：
2016
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Agnieszka Leszczynski
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Agnieszka Leszczynski
在本文中，我研究了超越智慧城市的话语和物质背景的大数据和城市治理的融合。我认为，除了在“实际存在的”智能城市的自动化管理和协调机制方面理解数据、城市和治理之间日益密切的关系之外，我们还应该进一步将城市算法治理和治理作为未来的物质话语项目，即预测特定类型的未来城市。当城市大数据展望未来时，它是通过一种预期的安全计算来实现的，这种计算专注于识别和转移城市无政府状态和个人伤害的风险，而城市生活必须得到安全保障。我认为，在城市大数据实践的两个尺度上，可以看出这种算法推测模式：身体的尺度和城市本身的尺度。在城市居民的层面上，我选择了移动社区安全应用程序的例子来展示算法治理如何通过将个人引导到城市的“不安全”地区来实现个人移动的数字调解，从而在技术上改善城市遭遇的风险。在城市的规模上，情绪分析方法通过聚合和映射从非结构化的实时内容流（如twitter）中提取的个人情绪，预示了公民冲突的短暂空间性。在这两种情况下，城市“大数据安全组合”所预期的城市未来都是高度不均衡的，因为数据和算法无法摆脱城市不平等和地域的持久性。
In this paper, I examine the convergence of big data and urban governance beyond the discursive and material contexts of the smart city. I argue that in addition to understanding the intensifying relationship between data, cities, and governance in terms of regimes of automated management and coordination in ‘actually existing’ smart cities, we should further engage with urban algorithmic governance and governmentality as material-discursive projects of future-ing, i.e., of anticipating particular kinds of cities-to-come. As urban big data looks to the future, it does so through the lens of an anticipatory security calculus fixated on identifying and diverting risks of urban anarchy and personal harm against which life in cities must be securitized. I suggest that such modes of algorithmic speculation are discernible at two scales of urban big data praxis: the scale of the body, and that of the city itself. At the level of the urbanite body, I use the selective example of mobile neighborhood safety apps to demonstrate how algorithmic governmentality enacts digital mediations of individual mobilities by routing individuals around ‘unsafe’ parts of the city in the interests of technologically ameliorating the risks of urban encounter. At the scale of the city, amongst other empirical examples, sentiment analytics approaches prefigure ephemeral spatialities of civic strife by aggregating and mapping individual emotions distilled from unstructured real-time content flows (such as Tweets). In both of these instances, the urban futures anticipated by the urban ‘big data security assemblage’ are highly uneven, as data and algorithms cannot divest themselves of urban inequalities and the persistence of their geographies.
影响因子：
3.4
作者：
Louise Amoore;V. Piotukh
通讯作者：
Louise Amoore;V. Piotukh
影响因子：
2.4
作者：
Amoore L
通讯作者：
Amoore L
可能性的政治：超越可能性的风险和安全
DOI：
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发表时间：
2013
期刊：
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影响因子：
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作者：
Amoore, Louise
通讯作者：
Amoore, Louise