Assessment of the impact of insecticides on Anagrus nilaparvatae (Pang et Wang) (Hymenoptera: Mymanidae), an egg parasitoid of the rice planthopper, Nilaparvata lugens (Hemiptera: Delphacidae)
Assessment of the impact of insecticides on Anagrus nilaparvatae (Pang et Wang) (Hymenoptera: Mymanidae), an egg parasitoid of the rice planthopper, Nilaparvata lugens (Hemiptera: Delphacidae)
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DOI：
10.1016/j.cropro.2007.08.004
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发表时间：
2008-03-01
期刊：
影响因子：
2.8
通讯作者：
Zhu, Yu Cheng
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Wang, Huai Yin;Yang, Yang;Zhu, Yu Cheng
寄生蜂Anagrus nilaparvatae (Pang et Wang)是稻飞虱Nilaparvata lugens的主要天敌。尽管化学防治也很有效，但它在稻飞虱综合害虫防治（IPM）中发挥着重要作用。然而，从未研究过该系统的生物和化学控制的兼容性。本研究旨在评估杀虫剂对黄蜂的潜在毒性，包括通过接触和口服摄入产生的急性毒性和残留毒性。选择14种杀虫剂，包括有机磷、氨基甲酸酯、拟除虫菊酯、昆虫生长调节剂(IGR)、新烟碱、苯基吡唑和抗生素来测试它们对寄生蜂成虫的毒性。首先测定每种杀虫剂的半数致死浓度（LC50）。急性接触毒性试验表明，毒死蜱对黄蜂的毒性最高，只需最少的化学品即可达到 50% 的死亡率。吡虫啉是第二大毒性杀虫剂，而 IGR 的毒性最低。 14种农药经口毒性试验结果显示，敌敌畏毒性最强，用药后2小时死亡率达100%。异丙威、吡虫啉和噻虫嗪是第二大毒性杀虫剂，可在 4 小时内杀死所有黄蜂。残留毒性结果表明，吡虫啉是最持久的杀虫剂，处理后7天在水稻叶片上保留残留毒性（80.7%死亡率）。噻虫嗪、三唑磷和氟虫腈对黄蜂也有长期残留毒性，7天死亡率分别为66.8%、54.6%和50.0%。 IGR表现出非常低的接触毒性和残留毒性，但表现出口服毒性对寿命、繁殖力和后代出现的某些慢性影响。 (C) 2007 Elsevier Ltd. 保留所有权利。
The parasitoid, Anagrus nilaparvatae (Pang et Wang), is a major natural enemy of the rice planthopper Nilaparvata lugens. It plays an important role in the integrated pest management (IPM) of the rice planthopper, although chemical control is also effective. However, compatibility of biological and chemical control has never been investigated with this system. This study was designed to assess potential insecticide toxicities to the wasps, including acute and residual toxicity through contact and oral ingestion. Fourteen insecticides, including organophosphates, carbamates, pyrethroids, insect growth regulators (IGRs), neonicotine, phenylpyrazole, and antibiotics were selected to test their toxicities against the adult parasitoid. Median lethal concentration (LC50) of each insecticide was first determined. Acute contact toxicity tests indicated that chlorpyrifos had the highest toxicity to the wasp, requiring the least chemical to achieve 50% mortality. Imidacloprid was the second most toxic insecticide, while IGRs had the lowest toxicity. Results of oral toxicity tests of 14 pesticides showed that dichlorvos was the most toxic, which generated 100% mortality only 2 h after treatment. Isoprocarb, imidacloprid, and thiamethoxam were the second most toxic insecticides and killed all wasps in a 4-h period. Residual toxicity results indicated that imidacloprid was the most persistent insecticide, and it retained residual toxicity (80.7% mortality) on rice leaves up to 7d after treatment. Thiamethoxam, triazophos, and fipronil also had long residual toxicity to the wasps with 7-d mortalities as 66.8%, 54.6%, and 50.0%, respectively. IGRs showed very low contact and residual toxicity, but exhibited certain chronic effects of oral toxicity on longevity, fecundity, and offspring emergence. (C) 2007 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.