REDUCTION IN ROAD FATALITIES AND INJURIES AFTER LEGISLATION FOR COMPULSORY WEARING OF SEAT BELTS - EXPERIENCE IN VICTORIA AND THE REST OF AUSTRALIA
REDUCTION IN ROAD FATALITIES AND INJURIES AFTER LEGISLATION FOR COMPULSORY WEARING OF SEAT BELTS - EXPERIENCE IN VICTORIA AND THE REST OF AUSTRALIA
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DOI：
10.1002/bjs.1800660721
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发表时间：
1979-01-01
影响因子：
9.6
通讯作者：
HOUGH, DE
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
MCDERMOTT, FT;HOUGH, DE
1970年，维多利亚州政府成为“西方”世界第一个立法强制佩戴安全带的州。14个月后，澳大利亚其他州也纷纷效仿。1977年，安全带的使用率上升到90%。本文介绍了1955- 1977年期间安全带使用率的变化。在维多利亚和澳大利亚其他州，道路交通事故死亡和车辆乘员受伤的发生率为77。在维多利亚和随后在澳大利亚其他州引入立法的同时，驾驶员和乘客死亡率显著下降，受伤率（每万辆登记车辆的受伤人数）。这些减少足以减少维多利亚立法后所有年份的车辆乘员伤亡总数。有关改善措施在法例实施后的整个期间一直维持不变，因为法例并不适用于8岁以下的儿童乘客，而他们佩戴安全带或安全带的次数亦维持在低水平。澳大利亚的经验支持这样一种观点，即立例强制佩戴安全带是在道路碰撞中保护车辆乘客的最有效方法。
In 1970 the Government of the State of Victoria became the first in the ‘western’ world to introduce legislation for compulsory wearing of seat belts. Within 14 months the other Australian states followed. Seat belt wearing rates increased to attain 90 per cent in 1977.This paper presents an evaluation of changes during the period 1955–77 in the incidence of road crash fatalities and injuries for vehicle occupants in Victoria and the rest of Australia.The introduction of the legislation in Victoria and subsequently in the other Australian states coincided with significant and marked decreases in driver and passenger fatality and injury rates (numbers per 10 000 registered vehicles). The decreases were enough to reduce the total numbers of vehicle occupant fatalities and injuries for all post-legislation years in Victoria. The improvements have been maintained throughout the entire post-legislation period.The legislation did not apply to child passengers of less than 8 years of age and the frequency of seat belt or harness wearing among them remained low. These children did not share in the overall improvement for passengers.The Australian experience supports the view that legislation for compulsory wearing of seat belts is the singt most effective method available for the protection of vehicle occupants in road crashes.