Observation of superconducting vortex clusters in S/F hybrids.

Observation of superconducting vortex clusters in S/F hybrids.
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DOI:
10.1038/srep38557
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发表时间:
2016-12-09
期刊:
影响因子:
4.6
通讯作者:
Iavarone M
Iavarone M
中科院分区:
综合性期刊3区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Di Giorgio C;Bobba F;Cucolo AM;Scarfato A;Moore SA;Karapetrov G;D'Agostino D;Novosad V;Yefremenko V;Iavarone M

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虽然Abrikosov涡旋相互排斥,并形成一个均匀的涡旋晶格在散装II型超导体,强约束势深刻地影响其空间分布,最终导致涡旋集团的形成。在介观尺度的超导体中,这种约束可以由几何边界引起,或者在超导体/铁磁体(S/F)混合体中,这种约束可以由磁场的空间调制引起。在这里,我们研究了S/F薄膜异质结中的涡旋约束,我们观察到涡旋团出现在铁磁体的磁化不均匀性附近,称为分叉。我们使用磁力显微镜的图像磁分叉和超导涡旋,而高分辨率扫描隧道显微镜是用来获得详细的信息的局部电子态密度的内部和外部的涡旋集群。我们发现,在分叉处的涡间间距短于一个预测的相同的超导体在一个均匀的磁场等于临界上磁场HC 2。这一结果是由于局部增强的杂散场和涡旋-涡旋排斥力与洛伦兹力之间的竞争。我们的研究结果表明,即使局部涡旋密度超过热力学临界阈值(超过该阈值,超导电性就会被破坏),特殊的磁性拓扑结构也可能导致支持超导电性的S/F混合体。
While Abrikosov vortices repel each other and form a uniform vortex lattice in bulk type-II superconductors, strong confinement potential profoundly affects their spatial distribution eventually leading to vortex cluster formation. The confinement could be induced by the geometric boundaries in mesoscopic-size superconductors or by the spatial modulation of the magnetic field in superconductor/ferromagnet (S/F) hybrids. Here we study the vortex confinement in S/F thin film heterostructures and we observe that vortex clusters appear near magnetization inhomogeneities in the ferromagnet, called bifurcations. We use magnetic force microscopy to image magnetic bifurcations and superconducting vortices, while high resolution scanning tunneling microscopy is used to obtain detailed information of the local electronic density of states outside and inside the vortex cluster. We find an intervortex spacing at the bifurcation shorter than the one predicted for the same superconductor in a uniform magnetic field equal to the thermodynamical upper critical field Hc2. This result is due to a local enhanced stray field and a competition between vortex-vortex repulsion and Lorentz force. Our findings suggest that special magnetic topologies could result in S/F hybrids that support superconductivity even when locally the vortex density exceeds the thermodynamic critical threshold value beyond which the superconductivity is destroyed.
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