Characterization of rat pinworm (Syphacia muris) epidemiology as a means to increase detection and elimination.
Characterization of rat pinworm (Syphacia muris) epidemiology as a means to increase detection and elimination.
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发表时间：
2014-11
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通讯作者：
Theresa M. Meade;J. Watson
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作者：
Theresa M. Meade;J. Watson
啮齿吸虫在许多机构持续存在，这表明在根除和诊断过程中存在缺陷。当检测到蛔虫时，治疗成功是常见的，但在健康监测期间或治疗后的假阴性检测结果可能会导致这种寄生虫的持续存在。聚合酶链式反应检测并不总是实用的，增加关于蛔虫感染的生活史和一般流行病学的信息可以提高传统的非聚合酶链式反应检测方法的敏感性，并改善根除工作。因此，我们调查了一种在Spraogue-Dawley大鼠(褐家鼠)中感染的线虫(Syphacia Muris)，以开发更准确的测试策略。此外，我们试图通过使用体外孵化方案来评估环境持久性来确定卵子存活的持续时间。最后，我们测试了我们机构使用的一种消毒剂的杀卵效果。与一天中的其他时间相比，下午三点左右的产卵量较多，寄主的性别对产卵没有一致的影响。随着时间的推移，卵子脱落呈现出周期性，每隔2到3周，脱落就会减少到0。盲肠检查或胶带试验都不能可靠地预测蛔虫感染，两种试验的结果也不一定一致。在长达7个月的时间里，卵仍然存活，这表明可能会再次受到环境的污染。气态二氧化氯是一种有效的杀卵剂，杀灭率达99.7%。这些结果表明，可以优化根除沙门氏菌的战略，以增加检测和消除。
Rodent pinworms persist in many institutions, suggesting deficiencies in eradication and diagnostic processes. When pinworms are detected, treatment success is common, but false-negative test results during health surveillance or after treatment likely contribute to the continued presence of this parasite. PCR testing is not always practical, and increased information regarding the life cycle and general epidemiology of pinworm infestations could improve the sensitivity of traditional nonPCR detection methods and improve eradication efforts. We therefore investigated a pinworm (Syphacia muris) infestation in Sprague-Dawley rats (Rattus norvegicus) to develop a more accurate testing strategy. In addition, we sought to determine the duration of egg viability by using an in vitro hatching protocol to assess environmental persistence. Finally, we tested the ovicidal efficacy of a disinfectant used at our institution. Eggs were shed in higher numbers in the midafternoon as compared with other times of the day, and the sex of the host had no consistent effect on egg shedding. Egg shedding showed periodicity over time, with shedding decreasing to 0 at 2- to 3-wk intervals. Neither cecal examination nor tape tests alone reliably predicted pinworm infestation, and results of the 2 tests did not necessarily coincide. Eggs aged for as long as 7 mo remained viable, indicating a potential for recontamination from the environment. Finally, gaseous chlorine dioxide was an effective ovicidal agent, with a kill rate of 99.7%. These results suggest that strategies for S. muris eradication can be optimized to increase detection and elimination.