Dispensing of non-prescribed antibiotics in Jordan.
Dispensing of non-prescribed antibiotics in Jordan.
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DOI：
10.2147/ppa.s91649
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发表时间：
2015
影响因子：
2.2
通讯作者：
Hajaj J
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Almaaytah A;Mukattash TL;Hajaj J
约旦目前的法规规定，没有医疗处方，抗生素不能销售。这项研究的目的是评估约旦王国在没有医疗处方的情况下配发抗生素的药房所占的百分比，并查明和突出约旦药房中这种做法的程度和严重性。进行了一项前瞻性研究，并在药店模拟了五种不同的临床情景，包括喉咙痛、中耳炎、急性鼻窦炎、腹泻和育龄妇女的尿路感染。三个层次的需求被用来说服药剂师销售抗生素。本研究共走访了约旦的202家药店。大部分药房(74.3%)无处方配发抗生素，有三种不同的需求水平。在没有处方的情况下配发抗生素的药房比例为97.6%，其次是尿路感染(83.3%)、腹泻(83%)和中耳炎(68.4%)。抗生素使用比例最低的是模拟急性鼻窦炎，为48.5%。在配发抗生素的药房中，95.3%的药房药师说明了每天应服用的次数，25.7%的病例说明了疗程，仅有17.3%的病例询问了抗生素销售前的过敏情况。只有52家药房(25.7%)拒绝发放任何抗生素，其中大部分(61.5%)来自急性鼻窦炎病例，少数(2.4%)来自咽喉痛病例。这项研究的结果表明，约旦继续在没有处方的情况下分发抗生素，这违反了国家关于这一做法的规定。这项研究的结果可以为政府卫生当局实施严格的国家抗生素处方法规提供规划，以避免未来可能因此类做法而出现的严重并发症。
Current regulations in Jordan state that antibiotics cannot be sold without a medical prescription. This study aimed to assess the percentage of pharmacies that dispense antibiotics without a medical prescription in the Kingdom of Jordan and identify and highlight the extent and seriousness of such practices among Jordanian pharmacies. A prospective study was performed, and five different clinical scenarios were simulated at pharmacies investigated including sore throat, otitis media, acute sinusitis, diarrhea, and urinary tract infection in childbearing-aged women. Three levels of demand were used to convince the pharmacists to sell an antibiotic. A total of 202 total pharmacies in Jordan were visited in the present study. The majority of pharmacies (74.3%) dispensed antibiotics without prescription with three different levels of demand. The percentage of pharmacies dispensing antibiotics without a prescription for the sore throat scenario was 97.6%, followed by urinary tract infection (83.3%), diarrhea (83%), and otitis media (68.4%). The lowest percentage of antibiotic dispensing was for the acute sinusitis simulation at 48.5%. Among the pharmacies that dispensed antibiotics, the pharmacists provided an explanation as the number of times per day the drug should be taken in 95.3% of the cases, explained the duration of treatment in 25.7%, and inquired about allergies prior to the sale of the antibiotic in only 17.3%. Only 52 pharmacies (25.7%) refused to dispense any kind of antibiotics, the majority (61.5%) of this refusal response came from acute sinusitis cases, while the minority (2.4%) came from the sore throat cases. The results of this study demonstrate that antibiotics continue to be dispensed without prescription in Jordan in violation with national regulations regarding this practice. The findings of this study could provide a layout for governmental health authorities to implement strict enfrorcment of national regulations regarding antibiotic dispensing in order to avoid the serious complications that could arise in the future as a result of such practices.