Rapid plant trait evolution can alter coastal wetland resilience to sea level rise
Rapid plant trait evolution can alter coastal wetland resilience to sea level rise
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DOI：
10.1126/science.abq0595
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发表时间：
2023-01
期刊：
影响因子：
56.9
通讯作者：
M. Vahsen;M. Blum;J. Megonigal;S. Emrich;J. Holmquist;B. Stiller;K. Todd-Brown;J. McLachlan
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
M. Vahsen;M. Blum;J. Megonigal;S. Emrich;J. Holmquist;B. Stiller;K. Todd-Brown;J. McLachlan
在预测生态系统在全球变化情景下的命运的模型中，快速进化仍然是一个基本上未被认识的因素。在这项工作中，我们量化的作用，遗传变异的植物性状和性状进化的解释变异预测的沿海湿地生态系统的状态。一个共同的花园研究的基因型占主导地位的莎草Schoenoplectus americanus，“复活”的时间分层的种子库，揭示了遗传变异和进化解释了关键的生态系统属性，如地下生物量的分配和分布。将可遗传性状变异和进化纳入生态系统模型，改变了对碳积累和土壤表面增生（沼泽对海平面上升的恢复力的决定因素）的预测，表明在预测生态系统动态时考虑进化过程的重要性。描述快速进化的生态系统尺度效应植物性状影响许多生态系统过程，但在预测生态系统对环境变化的响应时，性状进化的作用往往被忽视。Vahsen等人表明，一种占优势的沼泽莎草根特征的快速演变影响了沿海湿地碳动态的预测。在同一地点种植不同世代的种子，他们发现地下生物量的分配存在相当大的遗传变异。输入到一个生态系统模型中，这种变化按比例放大到大量的预测差异沉积物堆积和沼泽海拔，影响沼泽的弹性，海平面上升的因素。地下植物特征的快速演变改变了沿海湿地结构和功能的预测。
Rapid evolution remains a largely unrecognized factor in models that forecast the fate of ecosystems under scenarios of global change. In this work, we quantified the roles of heritable variation in plant traits and of trait evolution in explaining variability in forecasts of the state of coastal wetland ecosystems. A common garden study of genotypes of the dominant sedge Schoenoplectus americanus, “resurrected” from time-stratified seed banks, revealed that heritable variation and evolution explained key ecosystem attributes such as the allocation and distribution of belowground biomass. Incorporating heritable trait variation and evolution into an ecosystem model altered predictions of carbon accumulation and soil surface accretion (a determinant of marsh resilience to sea level rise), demonstrating the importance of accounting for evolutionary processes when forecasting ecosystem dynamics. Description Ecosystem-scale effects of rapid evolution Plant traits influence many ecosystem processes, but the role of trait evolution is often overlooked in predicting ecosystem responses to environmental change. Vahsen et al. showed that rapid evolution in root traits of a dominant marsh sedge affected predictions of coastal wetland carbon dynamics. Growing seeds from different generations in a single location, they found considerable heritable variation in the allocation of belowground biomass. Input into an ecosystem model, this variation scaled up to substantial predicted differences in sediment accretion and marsh elevation, factors that influence a marsh’s resilience to rises in sea level. —BEL Accounting for the rapid evolution of belowground plant traits alters forecasts of coastal wetland structure and function.