Populations with greater flexibility in floral traits modify mating system in response to the pollinator environment
Populations with greater flexibility in floral traits modify mating system in response to the pollinator environment
复制标题
花性状具有更大灵活性的种群会改变交配系统以响应传粉媒介环境
DOI：
10.1111/1365-2435.13093
复制
发表时间：
2018
影响因子：
5.2
通讯作者：
L. Galloway
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
L. Leibman;A. Rowe;M. Koski;L. Galloway
处理编辑：马蒂亚斯Schleuning摘要1.同种的混合交配和异交率的变异是常见的。异交可能会受到传粉者活动和促进或阻碍自主自花受精的花性状的影响。然而，花粉限制的相对贡献和进化差异的能力，自花受精的交配系统的变化知之甚少，只能解开使用实验方法。2.我们将植物阵列从八个风铃草种群，不同的自主自交能力（以下简称“自治”）在阳光和阴影的栖息地，以创造高和低授粉环境。观察了访花者，并测量了花粉限制、雌雄异熟、雌雄异熟和花粉在花内的持久性。估计阵列子集的异交率。3.由于传粉媒介访问的差异，阴凉处的花粉限制比阳光下高出三倍多。具有高水平的自主权的人口显示更大的花粉持久性和雌雄异熟在更花粉有限的环境比在高授粉环境。在这些高度自治的群体中，异交率与花粉限制密切相关，在强烈的花粉限制下异交减少。与此相反，中间自主水平的群体有较少的塑料花性状和他们的异交率变化不大，花粉限制。4.授粉环境和花部性状的可塑性大小共同决定了交配系统的形成。本文采用的实验方法表明，花部性状的可塑性提供了调整交配系统的能力，以应对有限的异交潜力。某些种群缺乏可塑性可以解释自然种群中传粉者活动与交配系统之间的不匹配。最后，交配系统的灵活性可能有助于解释混合交配的流行。
Handling Editor: Matthias Schleuning Abstract 1. Mixed mating and variation in outcrossing rate among populations of the same species are common. Outcrossing can be affected by pollinator activity and floral traits that facilitate or impede autonomous self-fertilization. However, the relative contribution of pollen limitation and evolved differences in the ability to self-fertilize to variation in the mating system is poorly understood and can only be disentangled using an experimental approach. 2. We placed arrays of plants from eight Campanula americana populations that varied in autonomous selfing ability (hereafter “autonomy”) in sun and shade habitats to create highand low-pollination environments. Floral visitors were observed and pollen limitation, dichogamy, herkogamy and pollen persistence within the flower were measured. Outcrossing rate was estimated for a subset of the arrays. 3. Pollen limitation was over three times higher in the shade than the sun due to differences in pollinator visitation. Populations with high levels of autonomy displayed greater pollen persistence and dichogamy in the more pollen-limited environments than in the high-pollination environments. In these high-autonomy populations, outcrossing rates were tightly associated with pollen limitation, with reduced outcrossing under strong pollen limitation. In contrast, populations with intermediate autonomy levels had less plastic floral traits and their outcrossing rates changed little with pollen limitation. 4. Mating system was shaped by both the pollination environment and the magnitude of plasticity in floral traits. The experimental approach used here revealed that plasticity in floral traits provides the ability to adjust mating system in response to limited potential for outcrossing. The lack of plasticity in some populations could explain mismatches between pollinator activity and mating system in natural populations. Finally, flexibility in the mating system may help explain the prevalence of mixed mating.