Probation worker responses to turbulent conditions: Constructing identity in a tainted occupation

Probation worker responses to turbulent conditions: Constructing identity in a tainted occupation
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缓刑工作者对动荡环境的反应:在受污染的职业中构建身份

DOI:
10.1177/0004865812469976
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发表时间:
2013
影响因子:
2.7
通讯作者:
Worrall A
Worrall A
中科院分区:
法学3区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Worrall A

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英格兰和威尔士有很多关于社区罪犯工作性质变化的文章,主要关注过去几十年缓刑服务所遭受的政治和管理压力的后果。然而,关于缓刑工作者本身、他们的文化和价值观以及这些变化的程度的研究却很少。利用对缓刑工人职业文化的资助研究,我们探讨了现任和前任工人的动机、价值观和工作期望。我们认为缓刑工作是一种“有污染的”或“肮脏的”职业,缓刑服务机构是在动荡的政治、社会和经济条件下运作的,因此我们考虑缓刑工作者如何应对这些不利的环境,以使他们的工作有意义和有成就感,或者只是为了应对。我们建议,缓刑工作者的反应可以使用赫希曼(Hirschman,1970)的“退出、声音、忠诚和忽视”模型以及后来发展的“犬儒主义”和“权宜之计”来理解。然而,这些组织行为模型并没有抓住缓刑工作最具争议性的方面,即自愿冒险或“边缘工作”。虽然缓刑工作者通常被认为不太可能是边缘工作者,但我们认为,有可能识别缓刑工作中的边缘工作者要素,并且只有承认这一点,我们才能全面了解在不确定且可能无法控制的环境中作为缓刑工作者意味着什么。
Much has been written in England and Wales about the changing nature of work with offenders in the community, focusing primarily on the consequences of the political and managerialist pressures to which the probation service has been subjected in the past few decades. There has been little research, however, on probation workers themselves, their cultures and values and the extent to which these have changed. Drawing on funded research on the occupational cultures of probation workers, we explore the motivations, values and job expectations of present and former workers. Arguing that probation work is a ‘tainted’ or ‘dirty’ occupation and that the probation service operates in turbulent political, social and economic conditions, we consider how probation workers respond to these adverse circumstances to make their work meaningful and fulfilling, or just to cope. We propose that probation workers’ responses can be understood using Hirschman’s (1970) ‘exit, voice, loyalty, and neglect’ model, together with the later developments of ‘cynicism’ and ‘expedience’. However, these models of organizational behaviour do not capture the most controversial aspect of probation work, namely, that of voluntary risk-taking or ‘edgework’ . While probation workers may be generally regarded as being unlikely edgeworkers, we argue that it is possible to identify elements of edgework in probation work and that it is only by acknowledging this that we can obtain a complete picture of what it means to be a probation worker in an uncertain and potentially uncontrollable environment.
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