Commuters' Personal Exposure Assessment and Evaluation of Inhaled Dose to Different Atmospheric Pollutants
Commuters' Personal Exposure Assessment and Evaluation of Inhaled Dose to Different Atmospheric Pollutants
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DOI：
10.3390/ijerph17103357
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发表时间：
2020-05-01
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Cavallo, Domenico Maria
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Borghi, Francesca;Spinazze, Andrea;Cavallo, Domenico Maria
在科学文献中有几项评估微环境中污染物暴露的研究，但评估污染物吸入剂量的研究寥寥无几。因此，这项研究旨在使用小型化和便携式实时监测仪器评估通勤者在选定的MES中暴露于不同污染物(即二氧化氮[NO2]和颗粒物[PM]，包括超细颗粒物[UFP])的情况；估计每个MES的这些污染物的吸入剂量。测量是在典型的通勤路线上进行的，考虑了不同的交通和非交通MES。实验数据是在两个不同季节(冬季和夏季)的四周工作时间内收集的。使用不同的便携式和微型仪器来评估PM和NO2暴露。此外，使用心率监测器评估生理参数。主要结果表明，地下(所有PM组分和NO2)和汽车(UFP)的暴露水平较高，而汽车(PM和NO2)和火车(UFP)的暴露水平较低。相反，在被定义为其他的环境中，估计的吸入累积剂量值较高，其次是步行(Ht)，而在步行(Lt)和汽车中观察到较低的值。
Several studies evaluating exposure to pollutants in microenvironments (MEs) are available in the scientific literature, but studies that evaluate the inhaled doses of pollutants are few in number. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the exposure of commuters to different pollutants (i.e., nitrogen dioxide [NO2] and fractionated particulate matter [PM], including ultrafine particles [UFPs]) using miniaturized and portable real-time monitoring instruments in selected MEs; the inhaled doses of these pollutants were estimated for each of these MEs. Measurements were performed along a typical commute, considering different traffic and nontraffic MEs. Experimental data were collected over four working weeks in two different seasons (winter and summer). Different portable and miniaturized instruments were used to evaluate PM and NO2 exposure. Furthermore, physiological parameters were evaluated using a heart rate monitor. The principal results show that higher exposure levels were measured in Underground (for all PM fractions and NO2) and in Car (UFP), while lower levels were measured in Car (PM and NO2) and in Train (UFP). In contrast, higher values of the inhaled cumulative dose were estimated in environments defined as Other, followed by Walking (ht), while lower values were observed in Walking (lt) and in Car.