Introduction to Polyoxometalate Chemistry : From Topology via Self-assembly to Applications
Introduction to Polyoxometalate Chemistry : From Topology via Self-assembly to Applications
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DOI：
10.1007/0-306-47625-8_1
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发表时间：
2001
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
M. T. Pope;A. Müller
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
M. T. Pope;A. Müller
地壳中高丰度的氧（55原子%）只能部分归因于海洋，硅酸盐基岩石和粘土。即使将和从计算中排除，氧仍占47原子%。显然，化合氧的化学性质是我们环境的重要组成部分。这种化学的大部分是非金属的含氧阴离子的水溶液化学，或不溶性金属氧化物的固态和表面化学。然而，尽管它只是自然环境中非常小的一部分，但存在氧化学的第三个方面，即聚氧乙烯酸盐，它跨越了溶液和“金属氧化物”领域。正如本书的贡献所充分证明的那样，这种化学提供了任何其他单一化合物都无法比拟的机会，见解，性质和应用。多氧杂环丁烷酸盐是早期过渡元素的多氧阴离子，特别是钒，钼和钨。虽然从19世纪的最后三分之一开始就对它们进行了研究，但直到最近四五十年，现代实验技术才开始揭示这些物质的结构和反应性。关于组成、尺寸和结构、金属掺入、合成机制和反应性的限制的基本问题，目前基本上仍然没有答案。尽管关于聚氧乙烯酸盐的实际应用，特别是在多相和均相催化以及在医学（抗病毒和抗肿瘤剂）中的实际应用进行了许多研究活动，但考虑到数千种已知的聚氧乙烯酸盐及其衍生物，可以肯定地说，它们在这些和其他领域中的潜力仍然开发得很差。
The high abundance of oxygen (55 atom%) in the Earth’s Crust can only be partly attributable to the oceans, the silicate-based rocks, and clays. Even when and are excluded from the accounting, oxygen is still dominant at 47 atom%. Clearly, the chemistry of combined oxygen is an important component of our environment. The bulk of this chemistry is either aqueous solution chemistry of oxoanions of the nonmetals, or the solid-state and surface chemistry of insoluble metal oxides. However, although it is only a very small fraction of the natural environment, there exists a third aspect of oxygen chemistry, that of the polyoxometalates, which spans both solution and “metal oxide” realms. As amply demonstrated by the contributions to the present book, this chemistry offers opportunities, insights, properties, and applications that cannot be matched by any other single group of compounds.Polyoxometalates are the polyoxoanions of the early transition elements, especially vanadium, molybdenum, and tungsten. Although they have been investigated since the last third of the 19th century, it is only within the last four or five decades that modern experimental techniques have begun to reveal the range of structure and reactivity of these substances. Fundamental questions regarding the limits to composition, size and structure, metal incorporation, mechanisms of synthesis and reactivity, remain essentially unanswered at present. In spite of much research activity concerning practical applications of polyoxometalates, especially in heterogeneous and homogeneous catalysis, and in medicine (antiviral and antitumoral agents), it is certainly fair to say, considering the several thousand known polyoxometalates and their derivatives, that their potential in these and other areas remains poorly developed.