Charging characteristics of a solid insulator in vacuum under AC voltage excitation
Charging characteristics of a solid insulator in vacuum under AC voltage excitation
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DOI：
10.1109/tdei.2006.1593395
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发表时间：
2006-02
影响因子：
3.1
通讯作者：
Osamu Yamamoto;S. Hamada;T. Fukuda;H. Omura
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Osamu Yamamoto;S. Hamada;T. Fukuda;H. Omura
为了开发紧凑可靠的高压真空断路器，我们研究了真空下聚合物或玻璃绝缘子在交流电压下的充电和闪络特性。本文研究了圆柱形模型绝缘子的充电特性。使用静电探头测量接地电极上三重结附近的电场来研究绝缘子的充电。该方法允许对充电过程进行时间分辨测量。绝缘子由硼硅酸盐、熔融石英或聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯制成，形状为右圆柱体，厚度为10 mm。已经阐明，充电具有三种顺序状态的特征：初始状态、准稳定状态和稳定状态，并且对于这些状态，无论电压相如何，充电的极性都是正的。将交流电压下的充电特性与直流电压激励下的充电特性进行了比较。我们发现，稳态时的电荷量与直流电的电荷量一致。接地电极上的电场和电荷大小随着表面粗糙度的增加而减小，并随着绝缘强度的增加而减小。对准稳态进行了计算机模拟，结果表明表面电荷分布与电压相同步的跃迁是产生准稳态的原因。
We have investigated charging and flashover characteristics of a polymeric or glass insulator exposed to AC voltage in vacuum in order to develop compact and reliable high voltage VCBs (vacuum circuit breakers). This paper focuses on charging characteristics of a cylindrical model insulator. The charging of an insulator is investigated using an electrostatic probe that measures the electric field near the triple junction on the grounded electrode. This method allows a time-resolved measurement of the charging process. The insulator was made of borosilicate, fused quartz or polymetyl methacrylate, and was in the shape of a right cylinder with 10 mm in thickness. It has been clarified that the charging is characterized by three sequential states; initiation, quasi-stable and stable states, and that the polarity of the charge is positive for these states irrespective of the voltage phase. The charging characteristics with AC voltage are compared to our previous results with DC voltage excitation. We find that the charge magnitude at the stable state coincides with that obtained by DC. The electric field on the grounded electrode, and therefore the charge magnitude, decreases with the surface roughness, and decreases as the insulation strength is increased. A computer simulation has been conducted to investigate the quasi-stable state, which clarifies that the transition in surface charge distribution being synchronous to the voltage phase is responsible for causing the quasi-stable state.