Technically sound and sustainable Newcastle disease control in village chickens: lessons learnt over fifteen years
Technically sound and sustainable Newcastle disease control in village chickens: lessons learnt over fifteen years
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DOI：
10.1017/s0043933910000516
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发表时间：
2010-09-01
影响因子：
2.7
通讯作者：
Young, M. P.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Alders, R. G.;Bagnol, B.;Young, M. P.
乡村鸡在所有发展中国家都能找到，在许多贫困农村家庭的生计战略中发挥着至关重要的作用。亚洲、非洲和拉丁美洲实施了有效的农村家禽生产计划，导致家禽数量、家庭购买力、家禽产品的家庭消费和妇女的决策权增加。高致病性禽流感H5N1亚型的迅速和广泛的地理传播引起了人们对农村家禽健康被忽视的关注。这场危机提供了投资改善农村家禽养殖业的机会，可通过一系列努力对农村地区的人类发展作出积极贡献，这些努力包括：赋予妇女权力(增加生产力、知识、作为疫苗接种者参与社区生活等)；减轻艾滋病毒/艾滋病；通过减少丛林肉类消费来保护野生动物；增进对疾病传播、预防和控制、人类营养和卫生的了解；最重要的是，在社区和政府机构之间建立信任。支持村鸡技术上合理和可持续的新城疫控制计划的主要建议包括鼓励兽药制造商制定和遵守行为守则，支持供应具有足够保质期的适当疫苗，用当地语言进行说明，在疫苗容器中使用温度指示器，以及不鼓励支付购买疫苗的佣金。应将质量保证活动纳入所有疫苗接种方案，以提高成本效益，并应包括对具有代表性的禽类样本进行疫苗接种后的血清学监测，特别是在采用新疫苗或新的疾病控制方案时。还需要农民(男性和女性)参与监测和评估疫苗接种运动的效果；与农业部、卫生部和教育部在农村家禽改良方案中积极合作。
Village chickens can be found in all developing countries and play a vital role in the livelihood strategies of many poor rural households. The implementation of effective village poultry production programmes in Asia, Africa and Latin America has resulted in increased poultry numbers, household purchasing power, home consumption of poultry products and decision-making power for women.The rapid and wide geographical spread of highly pathogenic avian influenza subtype H5N1 has drawn attention to the neglect of village poultry health. This crisis has presented an opportunity to invest in improved village poultry husbandry that can make a positive contribution to human development in rural areas across a range of endeavours including: empowerment of women (increased productivity, knowledge, participation in community life as vaccinators, etc); HIV/AIDS mitigation; wildlife conservation through a reduction in bushmeat consumption; improved understanding of disease transmission, prevention and control, human nutrition and hygiene; and, most importantly building trust between communities and government agencies.Key recommendations to support technically sound and sustainable Newcastle disease control programmes in village chickens include encouraging veterinary pharmaceutical manufacturers to develop and observe a code of conduct that supports the supply of appropriate vaccine with an adequate shelf life, giving instructions in local languages, using temperature indicators in vaccine containers and discouraging the payment of commission on the purchase of vaccine. Quality assurance activities should be built into all vaccination programmes to improve cost-efficiency, and should include post-vaccination serological monitoring of a representative sample of birds, especially when a new vaccine or new disease control programme is introduced. Also required is the participation of farmers (male and female) in monitoring and evaluating the effectiveness of vaccination campaigns; and active collaboration with the Ministries of Agriculture, Health and Education in village poultry improvement programmes.