Functional magnetic resonance imaging of reward prediction
Functional magnetic resonance imaging of reward prediction
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DOI：
10.1097/01.wco.0000173463.24758.f6
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发表时间：
2005-08-01
影响因子：
4.8
通讯作者：
Cooper, JC
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Knutson, B;Cooper, JC
综述目的
功能性磁共振成像在技术和概念上的进展现在使得能够观察到大脑皮层下深部区域氧合作用的实时变化，从而促使对人类奖赏预测所依赖的神经基础的科学描述迅速发展。
近期发现
过去一年的神经影像学研究侧重于确定奖赏预测所必需的神经基础。
总结
虽然眶额皮质长期以来被认为与特定模态的奖赏表征有关，但腹侧纹状体（特别是伏隔核）可能在预测奖赏的非特定模态表征中起作用。另一方面，内侧前额叶皮质似乎在表征奖赏预测误差中起作用，而背侧尾状核在将奖赏与行为联系起来方面起作用。从理论上讲，未来的研究需要确定这些反应对奖赏与惩罚以及预期与结果的特异性。从临床上看，目前的研究结果表明，患者在没有前额叶皮质的情况下也能够预测奖赏，但当奖赏预测出现偏差时，他们在纠正自身行为方面应该会遇到困难。
Purpose of review Technical and conceptual advances in functional magnetic resonance imaging now allow visualization of real-time changes in oxygenation of deep subcortical regions, leading to rapid advances in scientific characterization of the neural substrates that underlie reward prediction in humans.Recent findings Neuroimaging research over the past year has focused on determining the necessary neural substrates for reward prediction.Summary While the orbitofrontal cortex has long been implicated in modality-specific reward representation, the ventral striatum (particularly the nucleus accumbens) may play a role in modality-independent representations of predicted reward. On the other hand, the mesial prefrontal cortex appears to play a role in representing reward prediction error and the dorsal caudate in linking reward to behavior. Theoretically, future studies will need to establish the specificity of these responses to reward versus punishment and anticipation versus outcome. Clinically, current findings suggest that patients can predict reward without a prefrontal cortex, but should experience difficulty correcting their behavior when reward predictions are violated.