Thermotolerance of brown trout, Salmo trutta, gametes and embryos to increased water temperatures
Thermotolerance of brown trout, Salmo trutta, gametes and embryos to increased water temperatures
复制标题
褐鳟、鲑鱼、配子和胚胎对水温升高的耐热性
DOI：
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发表时间：
2012
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
F. Lahnsteiner
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
F. Lahnsteiner
总结
本研究调查了水温升高对褐鳟（Salmo trutta）在水中激活的精子活力、卵水硬化、受精过程和胚胎发育的影响。褐鳟配子的最适温度范围较宽，为 3 至 15°C。在此温度范围内，蛋水硬化和受精过程不受影响。运动持续时间也没有受到影响。 9-15℃时初始精子活力和游动速度的百分比低于3-7℃，而局部活动精子的百分比较高。将褐鳟胚胎暴露于 ≥11°C 会导致孵化幼虫的百分比降低，畸形幼虫的百分比增加。当使用有眼期胚胎的百分比作为评估终点时，较晚期的个体发育阶段（根据 Ballard [1973]，阶段≥9）比较晚期的阶段（阶段<9）表现出更高的对温度升高的耐受性。然而，当以孵化幼虫和正常形态幼虫的百分比作为评价终点时，不同耳发生阶段之间未发现耐热性差异。
Summary
The present study investigated the effect of increased water temperature on sperm motility when activated in water, on egg water hardening, on the fertilization process and on embryonic development in brown trout, Salmo trutta. Brown trout gametes had a broad temperature optimum ranging from 3 to 15°C. In this temperature range the processes of egg water hardening and fertilization were unaffected. Motility duration was also not affected. The percentages of initial sperm motility and swimming velocity were lower at 9–15°C than at 3–7°C, while the percentage of locally motile spermatozoa was higher. Exposure of brown trout embryos to ≥11°C resulted in reduced percentages of hatched larvae and in increased percentages of malformed larvae. More advanced ontogenetic stages (stages ≥9 according to Ballard [1973]) showed higher tolerance to increased temperature than did less advanced stages (stages <9) when the percentage of eyed stage embryos was used as the evaluation end point. However, when the percentages of hatched larvae and normal shaped larvae were used as evaluation end points, no differences in thermotolerance could be found between the different otogenetic stages.