Cardiac applications for human pluripotent stem cells.

Cardiac applications for human pluripotent stem cells.
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DOI:
10.2174/138161209788923804
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发表时间:
2009
影响因子:
3.1
通讯作者:
Laflamme MA
Laflamme MA
中科院分区:
医学4区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Shiba Y;Hauch KD;Laflamme MA

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人类胚胎干细胞(hESC)和诱导多能干细胞(hiPSC)可以无限自我更新,同时保持分化为有用的体细胞类型(包括心肌细胞)的能力。因此,这些干细胞类型代表了在基于细胞的心脏治疗、新药的高通量筛选和安全性测试以及人类心脏发育建模中潜在用途的定向人类心肌细胞的基本上取之不尽的来源。这些干细胞衍生的心肌细胞具有明确的心脏表型,并且在体外和体内都能稳健地增殖。最近在临床前模型中的移植研究为它们在梗死修复和形成“生物起搏器”中的应用提供了令人兴奋的原理证明。虽然这些成功使人们有理由保持谨慎乐观,但成功应用hESC(或hiPSC)进行心脏修复仍然存在重大挑战,包括需要高心脏纯度的制剂、改进的递送方法以及克服免疫排斥和其他移植细胞死亡原因的方法。在这篇综述中,我们描述了hESC和hiPSC衍生的心肌细胞的表型,这些细胞的临床前移植研究的状态,以及克服上述障碍的潜在方法。
Human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) and induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) can self-renew indefinitely, while maintaining the capacity to differentiate into useful somatic cell types, including cardiomyocytes. As such, these stem cell types represent an essentially inexhaustible source of committed human cardiomyocytes of potential use in cell-based cardiac therapies, high-throughput screening and safety testing of new drugs, and modeling human heart development. These stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes have an unambiguous cardiac phenotype and proliferate robustly both in vitro and in vivo. Recent transplantation studies in preclinical models have provided exciting proof-of-principle for their use in infarct repair and in the formation of a “biological pacemaker”. While these successes give reason for cautious optimism, major challenges remain to the successful application of hESCs (or hiPSCs) to cardiac repair, including the need for preparations of high cardiac purity, improved methods of delivery, and approaches to overcome immune rejection and other causes of graft cell death. In this review, we describe the phenotype of hESC- and hiPSC-derived cardiomyocytes, the state of preclinical transplantation studies with these cells, and potential approaches to overcome the aforementioned hurdles.
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