Sediment yield from the 1984 pyroclastic flow deposit covered hillslopes in Merapi volcano, Indonesia
Sediment yield from the 1984 pyroclastic flow deposit covered hillslopes in Merapi volcano, Indonesia
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1984 年印度尼西亚默拉皮火山覆盖山坡的火山碎屑流沉积物产生的沉积物
DOI：
10.11475/sabo1973.48.special_101
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发表时间：
1996
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
S. Tsuchiya
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
E. Shimokawa;T. Jitousono;S. Tsuchiya
默拉皮火山位于爪哇中部，是印度尼西亚最活跃的火山之一，多次火山喷发，熔岩块坍塌造成雪崩式火山碎屑流。最近，更大规模的火山碎屑流发生在1984年6月。火山碎屑流沉积物广泛而深入地覆盖了Putih河和Bebeng河的上游，并彻底改变了流域的水文和侵蚀状况。本文估算了1984年火山碎屑流沉积物覆盖的山坡上的细沟侵蚀产沙总量，并估算了产沙率。根据实地调查和对1984年和1991年拍摄的两组航空照片的解释。据估计，1984年至1991年爆发期间，Putih河和Bebeng河的沉积物总量分别约为220万立方米和400万立方米。似乎大部分沉积物是在1984年11月至1988年10月的4年期间产生的。产沙率在1984年11月（1984年爆发后5个月）至1985年10月之间迅速增加到一个峰值，然后随着时间的推移缓慢下降，一直保持在一个较高的水平，直到1988年10月。
Merapi volcano located in the central part of Java, is one of the most active volcanoes in Indonesia and has had repeated volcanic eruptions with avalanche type pyroclastic flows caused by collapsing lava mass. Recently, larger scale pyroclastic flows occurred in June 1984. The pyroclastic flow deposits widely and deeply covered the upper reaches of the Putih and Bebeng rivers and created a radical alteration of the hydrological and erosion regime of the basins. As a result of that, much sediment was produced by sheet-rill and gully erosion from the hillslopes and was transported by volcanic debris/mud flows and floods to the lower reaches of the Putih and Bebeng rivers.In this paper, the total amount of sediment yield by sheet-rill and gully erosion on the hillslopes covered with pyroclastic flow deposits in 1984 was evaluated and the rates of the sediment yield were estimated, based on a field survey and interpretation of the two sets of aerial photographs taken in 1984 and 1991. The total amount of sediment yield was estimated to be approximately 2.2 million m3 for the Putih river and 4.0 million m3 for the Bebeng river between the eruption in 1984 to 1991. It seems that most of the sediment was produced in a 4-year period from November 1984 to October 1988. The rate of sediment yield rapidly increased to a peak between November 1984 (5 months after the 1984 eruptions) and October 1985, and then slowly declined with time keeping a high level until October 1988.