Organohalide Respiring Bacteria and Reductive Dehalogenases: Key Tools in Organohalide Bioremediation.
Organohalide Respiring Bacteria and Reductive Dehalogenases: Key Tools in Organohalide Bioremediation.
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DOI：
10.3389/fmicb.2016.00249
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发表时间：
2016
影响因子：
5.2
通讯作者：
Manefield M
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Jugder BE;Ertan H;Bohl S;Lee M;Marquis CP;Manefield M
有机卤化物是顽固性污染物，对土壤和地下水造成严重污染。有机卤化物呼吸细菌（ORB）通过利用有机卤化物作为末端电子受体来产生生长能量（即有机卤化物呼吸），为修复污染场地提供了潜在的解决方案。理想情况下，该过程会产生非卤化或卤化程度较低的化合物，这些化合物大多对环境的毒性较小或更容易降解。这些过程的核心是还原性脱卤酶 (RDase)，它们是与其他成分结合的膜结合酶，可促进有机卤化物脱卤以产生细胞能量。本综述重点关注 RDase，重点关注那些已（部分或全部）纯化并进行功能表征的 RDase。此外，本文还回顾了参与有机卤化物分解的主要细菌以及 RDase 微生物进化的证据。最后，讨论了在生物修复和生物增强能力中使用 ORB 的能力。
Organohalides are recalcitrant pollutants that have been responsible for substantial contamination of soils and groundwater. Organohalide-respiring bacteria (ORB) provide a potential solution to remediate contaminated sites, through their ability to use organohalides as terminal electron acceptors to yield energy for growth (i.e., organohalide respiration). Ideally, this process results in non- or lesser-halogenated compounds that are mostly less toxic to the environment or more easily degraded. At the heart of these processes are reductive dehalogenases (RDases), which are membrane bound enzymes coupled with other components that facilitate dehalogenation of organohalides to generate cellular energy. This review focuses on RDases, concentrating on those which have been purified (partially or wholly) and functionally characterized. Further, the paper reviews the major bacteria involved in organohalide breakdown and the evidence for microbial evolution of RDases. Finally, the capacity for using ORB in a bioremediation and bioaugmentation capacity are discussed.