Why is illegal gold mining activity so ubiquitous in rural Ghana?
Why is illegal gold mining activity so ubiquitous in rural Ghana?
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1467-8268.2003.00073.x
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发表时间：
2003-12-01
影响因子：
2.9
通讯作者：
Potter, C
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hilson, G;Potter, C
尽管非法手工和小规模采矿存在已久，但迄今很少进行研究，以确定为什么非法手工和小规模采矿在发展中世界是一种普遍现象。本文介绍了加纳的情况，在加纳，秘密采金活动现在在许多农村地区无处不在。尽管加纳政府通过了一系列针对特定行业的法律和法规，并在德国技术合作公司和世界银行的指导下实施了一系列支持服务，但人们普遍认为，加纳政府在监管该行业并将其纳入公共领域方面的努力失败了。本文结合文献、土著报告和政府文件的调查结果，以及对主要政府人员和矿工的访谈反馈，试图解释为什么不成比例的当地手工和小规模金矿工人继续非法作业。只有政府为小规模金矿开采者勘查和划定土地，提高行业支助服务的质量，并使矿工重新掌握技能，从事其他职业，才能在这一领域取得显著改善。
Notwithstanding its prolonged existence, little research has hitherto been undertaken to determine why illegal artisanal and small-scale mining is a widespread phenomenon in the developing world. This paper profiles the case of Ghana, where clandestine gold mining activity is now ubiquitous throughout many rural areas. Despite having passed a series of industry-specific laws and regulations, and implementing an array of support services under the guidance of Gesellschaft Technische Zusannebarbeit (GTZ) and the World Bank, the Ghanaian government is widely regarded as having failed in its attempts to regulate the sector and bring it into the public domain. Combining findings from the literature, indigenous reports and government documents, with feedback from interviews with key government personnel and miners, this paper attempts to explain why a disproportionate percentage of resident artisanal and small-scale gold miners continue to operate illegally. Marked improvements can only be achieved in-this area if the government prospects and demarcates land for small-scale gold miners; improves the quality of industry support services; and re-skills miners for work in other professions.