Global climate change: an investigation of atmospheric feedback mechanisms
Global climate change: an investigation of atmospheric feedback mechanisms
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DOI：
10.1111/j.2153-3490.1975.tb01672.x
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发表时间：
1975-06
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
R. Cess
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
R. Cess
地球-大气系统的全球能量平衡需要了解许多量，其中两个是对流层递减率和云高度。由于这两个量都可能取决于表面温度，因此它们是表面温度敏感性研究中反馈机制的潜在候选者。目前的调查表明，全球能源平衡对递减率相当不敏感，因此消除了这种可能的反馈机制。另一方面，云高度可能非常重要。采用三层云模型，并比较计算结果和经验出射通量结果，建议在考虑表面温度变化时云温度应保持恒定，而不是固定云高度的传统假设。这与早期的单云建模（Cess，1974）一致，并且基于这一结论发现，云高度对表面温度的依赖性产生了强烈的正反馈。 DOI：10.1111/j.2153-3490.1975.tb01672.x
A global energy balance for the earth-atmosphere system requires knowledge of a number of quantities, two of which are tropospheric lapse rate and cloud altitude. Since both of these quantities could be dependent upon surface temperature, they are potential candidates for feedback mechanisms in surface-temperature sensitivity studies. The present investigation illustrates that the global energy balance is quite insensitive to lapse rate, thus eliminating this as a possible feedback mechanism. Cloud altitude, on the other hand, can be quite important. Employing a three-layer cloud model, and comparing calculated and empirical outgoing flux results, it is suggested that cloud temperatures should be held constant when considering variations in surface temperature, as opposed to the conventional assumption of fixed cloud altitudes. This is consistent with earlier single-cloud modeling (Cess, 1974), and based upon this conclusion it is found that the resulting dependence of cloud altitude upon surface temperature produces a strong positive feedback. DOI: 10.1111/j.2153-3490.1975.tb01672.x