Seed colour loci, homoeology and linkage groups of the C genome chromosomes revealed in Brassica rapa-B. oleracea monosomic alien addition lines
Seed colour loci, homoeology and linkage groups of the C genome chromosomes revealed in Brassica rapa-B. oleracea monosomic alien addition lines
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DOI：
10.1093/aob/mcs052
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发表时间：
2012-06-01
期刊：
影响因子：
4.2
通讯作者：
Kurup, Smita
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Heneen, Waheeb K.;Geleta, Mulatu;Kurup, Smita
芜菁和B.甘蓝是油菜B的祖先。油菜。B的每一条染色体的添加。oleracea与B的染色体互补。rapa产生了一系列单体异附加系（MAAL）。MAAL分析确定哪一个B。甘蓝染色体携带控制特定表型性状的基因，如种子颜色。黄籽油菜是一种理想的育种目标，用于与油、蛋白质和纤维含量相关的食品和牲畜饲料最终用途。本研究的目的包括开发一个缺失的MAAL，以补充一个可用的系列，研究种子颜色控制，染色体同源性和分配连锁群的B。新一批B. rapaB.产生甘蓝非整倍体以产生缺失的MAAL。种子颜色和其他植物形态特征相关的MAAL的分化进行了记录。采用Snows胭脂红、荧光原位杂交（FISH）和基因组原位杂交（GISH）技术对染色体进行了鉴定，并建立了MAAL。形态学性状包括子叶数、叶片形态、花色和种子颜色。种子颜色受两对B基因的主基因控制。甘蓝染色体和该物种的其他五条染色体上的微效基因。同源染色体配对主要发生在着丝粒位置相似的染色体之间。通过FISH、GISH和微卫星标记分析确定了染色体的连锁群，并建立了一套完整的MAAL序列，可用于遗传、基因组学、进化和育种研究。确定携带特定基因的染色体，DNA标记的物理定位和获得已建立的遗传连锁图有助于整合这些方法，表现在连锁群与特定染色体的确认对应。应用包括标记辅助选择和黄籽育种。
Brassica rapa and B. oleracea are the progenitors of oilseed rape B. napus. The addition of each chromosome of B. oleracea to the chromosome complement of B. rapa results in a series of monosomic alien addition lines (MAALs). Analysis of MAALs determines which B. oleracea chromosomes carry genes controlling specific phenotypic traits, such as seed colour. Yellow-seeded oilseed rape is a desirable breeding goal both for food and livestock feed end-uses that relate to oil, protein and fibre contents. The aims of this study included developing a missing MAAL to complement an available series, for studies on seed colour control, chromosome homoeology and assignment of linkage groups to B. oleracea chromosomes.A new batch of B. rapaB. oleracea aneuploids was produced to generate the missing MAAL. Seed colour and other plant morphological features relevant to differentiation of MAALs were recorded. For chromosome characterization, Snows carmine, fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) and genomic in situ hybridization (GISH) were used.The final MAAL was developed. Morphological traits that differentiated the MAALs comprised cotyledon number, leaf morphology, flower colour and seed colour. Seed colour was controlled by major genes on two B. oleracea chromosomes and minor genes on five other chromosomes of this species. Homoeologous pairing was largely between chromosomes with similar centromeric positions. FISH, GISH and a parallel microsatellite marker analysis defined the chromosomes in terms of their linkage groups.A complete set of MAALs is now available for genetic, genomic, evolutionary and breeding perspectives. Defining chromosomes that carry specific genes, physical localization of DNA markers and access to established genetic linkage maps contribute to the integration of these approaches, manifested in the confirmed correspondence of linkage groups with specific chromosomes. Applications include marker-assisted selection and breeding for yellow seeds.