Quorum quenching enzymes
Quorum quenching enzymes
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DOI：
10.1016/j.jbiotec.2014.09.001
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发表时间：
2015-03-27
影响因子：
4.1
通讯作者：
Fetzner, Susanne
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Fetzner, Susanne
细菌使用基于化学信号分子的细胞间通信系统来协调它们在种群中的行为。这些群体感应系统是抗病力疗法的潜在目标，因为许多细菌病原体通过群体感应网络控制毒力因子的表达。由于生物膜成熟通常也受到群体感应的影响，因此淬灭这些系统可能有助于对抗生物污垢。干扰群体感应的一种可能性是通过酶降解或修饰的信号失活。这种群体淬灭酶广泛分布在细菌世界中，也在真核生物中发现。水解N-酰基高丝氨酸内酯（阿勒）信号分子的内酯酶和酰化酶已被最深入地研究，然而，已描述了对AHL或2-烷基-4（1H）-喹诺酮信号具有活性的不同氧化还原酶以及其它信号转换酶。已经评估了几种旨在通过降低细菌环境中的信号浓度来减轻毒力或生物膜形成的方法。这些涉及应用或刺激信号降解细菌作为生物控制剂，在保护作物免受软腐病，使用信号降解细菌作为益生菌在水产养殖，和固定化或截留的群体淬灭酶或细菌，以控制膜生物反应器中的生物污损。虽然大多数使用群体淬灭作为抗毒性策略的方法仍处于研究阶段，但已知干扰群体感应的生物和酶的数量不断增加，为创新抗菌策略的发展开辟了新的前景。(C)© 2014 Elsevier B. V.保留所有权利。
Bacteria use cell-to-cell communication systems based on chemical signal molecules to coordinate their behavior within the population. These quorum sensing systems are potential targets for antivirulence therapies, because many bacterial pathogens control the expression of virulence factors via quorum sensing networks. Since biofilm maturation is also usually influenced by quorum sensing, quenching these systems may contribute to combat biofouling. One possibility to interfere with quorum sensing is signal inactivation by enzymatic degradation or modification. Such quorum quenching enzymes are wide-spread in the bacterial world and have also been found in eukaryotes. Lactonases and acylases that hydrolyze N-acyl homoserine lactone (AHL) signaling molecules have been investigated most intensively, however, different oxidoreductases active toward AHLs or 2-alkyl-4(1H)-quinolone signals as well as other signal-converting enzymes have been described. Several approaches have been assessed which aim at alleviating virulence, or biofilm formation, by reducing the signal concentration in the bacterial environment. These involve the application or stimulation of signal-degrading bacteria as biocontrol agents in the protection of crop plants against soft-rot disease, the use of signal-degrading bacteria as probiotics in aquaculture, and the immobilization or entrapment of quorum quenching enzymes or bacteria to control biofouling in membrane bioreactors. While most approaches to use quorum quenching as antivirulence strategy are still in the research phase, the growing number of organisms and enzymes known to interfere with quorum sensing opens up new perspectives for the development of innovative antibacterial strategies. (C) 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.