Techno-economic and environmental analysis of community energy management for peak shaving
Techno-economic and environmental analysis of community energy management for peak shaving
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DOI：
10.1016/j.enconman.2021.114900
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发表时间：
2022-01
影响因子：
10.4
通讯作者：
Matteo Cossutta;S. Pholboon;J. McKechnie;M. Sumner
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Matteo Cossutta;S. Pholboon;J. McKechnie;M. Sumner
能量存储被视为释放可再生能源发电真正潜力的关键，因为它通过为平衡和频率调节等服务提供能力，潜在地支持可再生能源发电与电网的整合。它还有可能减少高峰电力需求减少(一种套利形式)，这项服务对配电公司将很重要，因为它释放了电网上的容量。这项研究的第一部分提出了一种能源管理战略(EMS)，该战略减少了一个由60户家庭组成的社区使用ES和本地发电(在本例中为光伏电池板(PV))从电网中消耗的峰值电力。EMS在数百个案例上进行了测试，在最好的案例中，平均每年的峰值降低了30%左右。论文的第二部分测试了所探索的案例的经济可行性和温室气体(GHG)排放，并表明在电力供应成本、峰值功率减少和生命周期温室气体减少之间存在权衡。光伏发电显著减少了温室气体排放，但对减少电网的高峰需求几乎没有贡献。相比之下，社区储能(在电池中)在减少高峰需求方面是有效的，但会带来显著的额外成本，并可能由于与电池制造和往返效率相关的排放而导致温室气体排放的适度增加。2040年光伏和电池的未来成本预测，加上更长的电池循环寿命，表明可以大幅降低社区发电和存储成本，以鼓励对高峰电网需求的管理。
Energy storage (ES) is seen as the key to unlocking the true potential of renewable generation as it potentially supports their integration into the grid by providing capability for services such balancing and frequency regulation. It also has the potential to reduce peak power demand reduction (a form of arbitrage) and this service will be important for distribution companies as it frees capacity on the grid. The first part of this study presents an energy management strategy (EMS) that reduces the peak power drawn from the grid by a community of 60 homes using ES and local generation (in this case photovoltaic panels (PVs)). The EMS is tested on hundreds of cases and shows an average yearly peak reduction of around 30% in the best cases. The second part of the paper tests the economic viability and greenhouse gases (GHG) emissions of the cases explored and shows that trade-offs exist between electricity supply costs, peak power reduction, and life cycle GHG reductions. PV generation provides a significant reduction in GHG emissions but makes little contribution to reducing peak demand from the grid. In contrast, community energy storage (in batteries) is effective at reducing peak demand, but at significant additional costs, and may result in a modest increase in GHG emissions due to emissions associated with battery manufacture and roundtrip efficiency. Future cost projections for 2040 for PV and battery, together with longer a battery cycle life, show that considerable reductions in the cost of community electricity generation and storage can be made to encourage the management of peak grid demand.