Reconstruction and Decomposition of High-Dimensional Landscapes via Unsupervised Learning

Reconstruction and Decomposition of High-Dimensional Landscapes via Unsupervised Learning
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通过无监督学习重建和分解高维景观

DOI:
10.1145/3394486.3403300
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发表时间:
2020
期刊:
Proceedings of the 26th ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery & Data Mining
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Shehu, Amarda
Shehu, Amarda
中科院分区:
--
文献类型:
--
作者:
Lei, Jing;Akhter, Nasrin;Qiao, Wanli;Shehu, Amarda

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揭示封装动态系统所有状态的景观组织是许多领域的核心任务,因为它有望以无人监督的方式揭示系统的内部工作原理。这项任务至关重要的一个领域是生物信息学,其中通过能量学组织分子三维结构的能量景观是一个强大的构造。除其他外,可以利用景观来揭示分子具有生物活性的宏观状态。这是一项艰巨的任务,因为复杂的驱动系统(例如分子)本质上是高维的。尽管如此,我们的实验室近年来通过空间数据的拓扑和统计分析取得了一些进展。我们提出了本质上的二分法,即更适合可视化驱动的发现的方法,以及更适合发现生物活性宏观状态但不适合可视化的方法。在本文中,我们提出了一种新颖的混合方法,结合了这些方法的优点,可以实现景观的可视化和宏观状态的发现。我们展示了与构象采样算法采样的结构空间上的现有方法相比,该方法能够揭示什么。尽管本文的直接评估是针对蛋白质能量景观,但所提出的方法在需要表征适应度和优化景观的交叉问题中引起了广泛的兴趣。
Uncovering the organization of a landscape that encapsulates all states of a dynamic system is a central task in many domains, as it promises to reveal, in an unsupervised manner, a system's inner working. One domain where this task is crucial is in bioinformatics, where the energy landscape that organizes three-dimensional structures of a molecule by their energetics is a powerful construct. The landscape can be leveraged, among other things, to reveal macrostates where a molecule is biologically-active. This is a daunting task, as landscapes of complex actuated systems, such as molecules, are inherently high-dimensional. Nonetheless, our laboratories have made some progress via topological and statistical analysis of spatial data over the recent years. We have proposed what is essentially a dichotomy, methods that are more pertinent for visualization-driven discovery, and methods that are more pertinent for discovery of the biologically-active macrostates but not amenable to visualization. In this paper, we present a novel, hybrid method that combines strengths of these methods, allowing both visualization of the landscape and discovery of macrostates. We demonstrate what the method is capable of uncovering in comparison with existing methods over structure spaces sampled with conformational sampling algorithms. Though the direct evaluation in this paper is on protein energy landscapes, the proposed method is of broad interest in cross-cutting problems that necessitate characterization of fitness and optimization landscapes.
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