Desensitization to media violence: links with habitual media violence exposure, aggressive cognitions, and aggressive behavior.
Desensitization to media violence: links with habitual media violence exposure, aggressive cognitions, and aggressive behavior.
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DOI：
10.1037/a0021711
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发表时间：
2011-04
影响因子：
7.6
通讯作者：
Berger A
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Krahé B;Möller I;Huesmann LR;Kirwil L;Felber J;Berger A
本研究探讨了暴力媒体刺激脱敏和习惯性媒体暴力暴露之间的联系，作为预测因子和攻击性认知和行为作为结果变量。两周后完成的措施，习惯性媒体暴力曝光，特质侵略，特质唤醒，和规范的信念侵略，本科生（N = 303）看到了暴力的电影剪辑和悲伤或有趣的比较剪辑。连续测量皮肤电导水平（SCL），并在每次剪辑后获得焦虑和愉快唤醒的评级。在剪辑之后，参与者完成了词汇决策任务来测量攻击性认知的可及性，并完成了竞争性反应时间任务来测量攻击性行为。习惯性媒体暴力暴露与SCL呈负相关，与愉快唤醒、攻击性言语反应时间和特质攻击呈正相关，与焦虑唤醒和攻击性反应时间无关。在控制特质攻击，规范性信念，和特质唤醒的路径分析，习惯性媒体暴力曝光预测更快的可访问性的侵略性认知，部分介导的更高的愉快唤醒。反应时间任务中的无端攻击是由较低的焦虑唤醒预测的。无论是习惯性的媒体暴力使用，也不焦虑或愉快的唤醒预测挑起攻击在实验室任务，SCL是无关的攻击性认知和行为。没有发现习惯性的媒体暴力观看和唤醒之间的关系，在响应悲伤和有趣的电影剪辑，唤醒响应悲伤和有趣的剪辑并没有预测攻击性认知或攻击性行为的实验室任务。这表明观察到的脱敏效应是特定于暴力内容的。
This study examined the links between desensitization to violent media stimuli and habitual media violence exposure as a predictor and aggressive cognitions and behavior as outcome variables. Two weeks after completing measures of habitual media violence exposure, trait aggression, trait arousability, and normative beliefs about aggression, undergraduates (N = 303) saw a violent film clip and a sad or a funny comparison clip. Skin conductance level (SCL) was measured continuously, and ratings of anxious and pleasant arousal were obtained after each clip. Following the clips, participants completed a lexical decision task to measure accessibility of aggressive cognitions and a competitive reaction time task to measure aggressive behavior. Habitual media violence exposure correlated negatively with SCL during violent clips and positively with pleasant arousal, response times for aggressive words, and trait aggression, but it was unrelated to anxious arousal and aggressive responding during the reaction time task. In path analyses controlling for trait aggression, normative beliefs, and trait arousability, habitual media violence exposure predicted faster accessibility of aggressive cognitions, partly mediated by higher pleasant arousal. Unprovoked aggression during the reaction time task was predicted by lower anxious arousal. Neither habitual media violence usage nor anxious or pleasant arousal predicted provoked aggression during the laboratory task, and SCL was unrelated to aggressive cognitions and behavior. No relations were found between habitual media violence viewing and arousal in response to the sad and funny film clips, and arousal in response to the sad and funny clips did not predict aggressive cognitions or aggressive behavior on the laboratory task. This suggests that the observed desensitization effects are specific to violent content.