The LOFAR Multifrequency Snapshot Sky Survey (MSSS) - I. Survey description and first results
The LOFAR Multifrequency Snapshot Sky Survey (MSSS) - I. Survey description and first results
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DOI：
10.1051/0004-6361/201425210
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发表时间：
2015-09
影响因子：
6.5
通讯作者：
G. Heald;R. Pizzo;E. Orrú;R. Breton;D. Carbone;C. Ferrari;M. Hardcastle;W. Jurusik;G. Macario;D. Mulcahy;D. Rafferty;A. Asgekar;M. Brentjens;R. Fallows;W. Frieswijk;M. C. Toribio;B. Adebahr;M. Arts;M. R. Bell;A. Bonafede;J. Bray;J. Broderick;T. Cantwell;P. Carroll;Y. Cendes;A. O. Clarke;J. Croston;S. Daiboo;F. Gasperin;J. Gregson;J. Harwood;J. Harwood;T. Hassall;V. Heesen;A. Horneffer;A. Horst;M. Iacobelli;M. Iacobelli;V. Jelić;V. Jelić;D. Jones;D. Kant;G. Kokotanekov;P. Martin;J. McKean;L. Morabito;B. Nikiel-Wroczyński;A. Offringa;V. Pandey;M. Pandey-Pommier;M. Piętka;M. Piętka;L. Pratley;C. Riseley;A. Rowlinson;J. Sabater;A. Scaife;L. Scheers;K. Sendlinger;A. Shulevski;M. Sipior;C. Sobey;A. Stewart;A. Stroe;J. Swinbank;C. Tasse;J. Trüstedt;E. Varenius;S. Velzen;N. Vilchez;R. V. Weeren;S. Wijnholds;W. Williams;A. Bruyn;A. Bruyn;R. Nijboer;M. Wise;A. Alexov;James M. Anderson;I. Avruch;R. Beck;M. Bell;I. Bemmel;M. Bentum;M. Bentum;G. Bernardi;P. Best;F. Breitling;W. Brouw;W. Brouw;M. Brüggen;H. Butcher;B. Ciardi;J. Conway;E. D. Geus;A. D. Jong;M. Vos;A. Deller;R. Dettmar;S. Duscha;J. Eislöffel;D. Engels;H. Falcke;R. Fender;M. Garrett;J. Grießmeier;A. Gunst;J. Hamaker;J. Hessels;M. Hoeft;J. Hörandel;H. Holties;H. Intema;N. Jackson;E. Jütte;A. Karastergiou;W. Klijn;V. Kondratiev;L. Koopmans;M. Kuniyoshi;G. Kuper;C. Law;J. V. Leeuwen;M. Loose;P. Maat;S. Markoff;R. McFadden;D. McKay-Bukowski;D. McKay-Bukowski;M. Mevius;J. Miller-Jones;J. Miller-Jones;R. Morganti;R. Morganti;H. Munk;A. Nelles;J. Noordam;M. Norden;H. Paas;A. Polatidis;W. Reich;A. Renting;H. Röttgering;A. Schoenmakers;D. Schwarz;J. Sluman;O. Smirnov;B. Stappers;M. Steinmetz;M. Tagger;Y. Tang;S. Veen;S. Thoudam;R. Vermeulen;C. Vocks;C. Vogt;R. Wijers;O. Wucknitz;S. Yatawatta;P. Zarka
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
G. Heald;R. Pizzo;E. Orrú;R. Breton;D. Carbone;C. Ferrari;M. Hardcastle;W. Jurusik;G. Macario;D. Mulcahy;D. Rafferty;A. Asgekar;M. Brentjens;R. Fallows;W. Frieswijk;M. C. Toribio;B. Adebahr;M. Arts;M. R. Bell;A. Bonafede;J. Bray;J. Broderick;T. Cantwell;P. Carroll;Y. Cendes;A. O. Clarke;J. Croston;S. Daiboo;F. Gasperin;J. Gregson;J. Harwood;J. Harwood;T. Hassall;V. Heesen;A. Horneffer;A. Horst;M. Iacobelli;M. Iacobelli;V. Jelić;V. Jelić;D. Jones;D. Kant;G. Kokotanekov;P. Martin;J. McKean;L. Morabito;B. Nikiel-Wroczyński;A. Offringa;V. Pandey;M. Pandey-Pommier;M. Piętka;M. Piętka;L. Pratley;C. Riseley;A. Rowlinson;J. Sabater;A. Scaife;L. Scheers;K. Sendlinger;A. Shulevski;M. Sipior;C. Sobey;A. Stewart;A. Stroe;J. Swinbank;C. Tasse;J. Trüstedt;E. Varenius;S. Velzen;N. Vilchez;R. V. Weeren;S. Wijnholds;W. Williams;A. Bruyn;A. Bruyn;R. Nijboer;M. Wise;A. Alexov;James M. Anderson;I. Avruch;R. Beck;M. Bell;I. Bemmel;M. Bentum;M. Bentum;G. Bernardi;P. Best;F. Breitling;W. Brouw;W. Brouw;M. Brüggen;H. Butcher;B. Ciardi;J. Conway;E. D. Geus;A. D. Jong;M. Vos;A. Deller;R. Dettmar;S. Duscha;J. Eislöffel;D. Engels;H. Falcke;R. Fender;M. Garrett;J. Grießmeier;A. Gunst;J. Hamaker;J. Hessels;M. Hoeft;J. Hörandel;H. Holties;H. Intema;N. Jackson;E. Jütte;A. Karastergiou;W. Klijn;V. Kondratiev;L. Koopmans;M. Kuniyoshi;G. Kuper;C. Law;J. V. Leeuwen;M. Loose;P. Maat;S. Markoff;R. McFadden;D. McKay-Bukowski;D. McKay-Bukowski;M. Mevius;J. Miller-Jones;J. Miller-Jones;R. Morganti;R. Morganti;H. Munk;A. Nelles;J. Noordam;M. Norden;H. Paas;A. Polatidis;W. Reich;A. Renting;H. Röttgering;A. Schoenmakers;D. Schwarz;J. Sluman;O. Smirnov;B. Stappers;M. Steinmetz;M. Tagger;Y. Tang;S. Veen;S. Thoudam;R. Vermeulen;C. Vocks;C. Vogt;R. Wijers;O. Wucknitz;S. Yatawatta;P. Zarka
我们提出了多频快照巡天（MSSS），第一个北空LOFAR成像调查。在这篇介绍性的论文中，我们首先详细描述了调查的动机和设计。与以前的无线电调查相比，MSSS是特殊的，因为它固有的多频性质提供了有关两个以上倍频程（从30到160 MHz）的检测源的频谱特性的信息。宽带频率覆盖以及LOFAR多波束功能产生的快速调查速度使MSSS成为预计将使用即将推出的平方公里阵列（SKA）进行的第一次此类调查。调查中包括的16个频带中的两个被选择为分别在74 MHz和151 MHz与大面积甚大阵列（VLA）和巨型米波射电望远镜（GMRT）调查的频率覆盖范围完全重叠。测量性能在“MSSS验证场”（MVF）内进行了说明，MVF是一个以J2000（RA，Dec）=（15 h，69 deg）为中心的100平方度区域。MVF的MSSS结果与以前的无线电调查目录进行了比较。我们评估的流量和天体测量的不确定性的目录，以及完整性和可靠性考虑我们的源查找策略。我们确定MVF内的90%完整性水平在135 MHz和108”分辨率下为100 mJy，在50 MHz和166”分辨率下为550 mJy。整个调查的图像和目录，预计将包含150，000 - 200，000个来源，将被发布到一个公共网络服务器。我们概述了最终调查产品的持续生产计划，以及图像和源目录的最终公开发布。
We present the Multifrequency Snapshot Sky Survey (MSSS), the first northern-sky LOFAR imaging survey. In this introductory paper, we first describe in detail the motivation and design of the survey. Compared to previous radio surveys, MSSS is exceptional due to its intrinsic multifrequency nature providing information about the spectral properties of the detected sources over more than two octaves (from 30 to 160 MHz). The broadband frequency coverage, together with the fast survey speed generated by LOFAR's multibeaming capabilities, make MSSS the first survey of the sort anticipated to be carried out with the forthcoming Square Kilometre Array (SKA). Two of the sixteen frequency bands included in the survey were chosen to exactly overlap the frequency coverage of large-area Very Large Array (VLA) and Giant Metrewave Radio Telescope (GMRT) surveys at 74 MHz and 151 MHz respectively. The survey performance is illustrated within the "MSSS Verification Field" (MVF), a region of 100 square degrees centered at J2000 (RA,Dec)=(15h,69deg). The MSSS results from the MVF are compared with previous radio survey catalogs. We assess the flux and astrometric uncertainties in the catalog, as well as the completeness and reliability considering our source finding strategy. We determine the 90% completeness levels within the MVF to be 100 mJy at 135 MHz with 108" resolution, and 550 mJy at 50 MHz with 166" resolution. Images and catalogs for the full survey, expected to contain 150,000-200,000 sources, will be released to a public web server. We outline the plans for the ongoing production of the final survey products, and the ultimate public release of images and source catalogs.