Wing coupling mechanism in the butterfly Pieris rapae (Lepidoptera, Pieridae) and its role in taking off.
Wing coupling mechanism in the butterfly Pieris rapae (Lepidoptera, Pieridae) and its role in taking off.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.jinsphys.2021.104212
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发表时间：
2021-03
影响因子：
2.2
通讯作者：
Yun Ma;Hong-yan Zhao;T. Ma;J. Ning;S. Gorb
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Yun Ma;Hong-yan Zhao;T. Ma;J. Ning;S. Gorb
小的白色菜粉蝶（Pieris rajiang）拍打它的前后翅膀同步，因为翅膀是使用翅膀“耦合机制”耦合。蝴蝶的联结机制包括一个位于后翅基部前部的扩大肱骨区和一个相应的前翅基部后部，前翅基部与前翅基部的腹侧背接触。联接机构允许前翼和后翼沿着翼展和弦滑动接触。有趣的是，蝴蝶仍然成功地起飞和飞行，当他们的翅膀连接被剪断，但他们无法正确地同步前翼和后翼运动。与完整的蝴蝶总是先向后飞再向前飞的规则起飞轨迹相比，耦合剪切的蝴蝶以随机轨迹起飞。由于耦合机构的夹持，起飞时后翼拍动和腹部由上向下旋转的起始被推迟。夹偶蝴蝶在上泳时改变了划水平面，使其更垂直，并加强了腹部的起伏。我们相信，我们的工作，这是第一次研究耦合机制的去除对昆虫飞行的影响，扩展了我们的理解翅膀耦合的工作原理，其在扑翼飞行的意义。
The small white cabbage butterfly (Pieris rapae) flaps its fore- and hindwings in synchrony as the wings are coupled using a wing “coupling mechanism”. The coupling mechanism of butterflies includes an enlarged humeral area located at the anterior of the hindwing base and a corresponding basal posterior part of the forewing, of which the former component dorsally contacts the ventral side of the latter one. The coupling mechanism allows for the fore- and hindwings sliding in contact along the span and chord. It is of interest that butterflies still take off successfully and fly, when their wing couplings are clipped, but they are unable to properly synchronize the fore- and hindwing motions. Compared with the regular takeoff trajectory of intact butterflies that always first fly backwards and then forwards, the coupling-clipped butterflies took off in a random trajectory. Due to the clipping of the coupling mechanism, the initiation of the hindwing flapping and the abdomen rotation from upward to downward during takeoff was postponed. The coupling-clipped butterflies changed their stroke plane in upstroke to a more vertical position and strengthened the abdominal undulation. We believe our work, which for the first time investigates the influence of coupling mechanism removal on insect flight, extends our understanding on the working principle of wing coupling in insects and its significance on the flapping flight.