Pathogenicity and virulence of Clostridium perfringens.
Pathogenicity and virulence of Clostridium perfringens.
复制标题
DOI：
10.1080/21505594.2021.1886777
复制
发表时间：
2021-12
期刊：
影响因子：
5.2
通讯作者：
A McClane B
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Mehdizadeh Gohari I;A Navarro M;Li J;Shrestha A;Uzal F;A McClane B
产气荚膜梭菌是人类和牲畜的一种极其通用的病原体，引起伤口感染，如气性坏疽（梭菌性肌坏死），肠炎/小肠结肠炎（包括最常见的人类食源性疾病之一）和肠毒血症（其中肠道中产生的毒素被吸收并损害远处器官，如大脑）。这种革兰氏阳性、孢子形成、厌氧菌的毒力主要归因于其大量的毒素产生;这些毒素在感染中的不同作用和作用现在已经确立。大部分C。产气荚膜杆菌毒素基因在接合质粒上编码，包括pCW 3样和最近发现的pCP 13样质粒家族。生产C。产气荚膜杆菌毒素通过涉及双组分调节系统、群体感应和/或孢子形成相关的替代σ因子的过程被高度调节。非毒素因子，如唾液酸酶等降解酶，现在也与这种细菌的致病性有关。这些因子可以促进毒素在体外和体内的作用，也可以增强C。产气荚膜梭菌肠定殖，例如NanI唾液酸酶增加C.产气荚膜梭菌粘附于肠组织并产生用于其生长的营养物，至少在体外是这样。许多其他因素，如粘附素，荚膜和生物膜，可能的毒力贡献，在很大程度上有待未来的研究。
Clostridium perfringens is an extremely versatile pathogen of humans and livestock, causing wound infections like gas gangrene (clostridial myonecrosis), enteritis/enterocolitis (including one of the most common human food-borne illnesses), and enterotoxemia (where toxins produced in the intestine are absorbed and damage distant organs such as the brain). The virulence of this Gram-positive, spore-forming, anaerobe is largely attributable to its copious toxin production; the diverse actions and roles in infection of these toxins are now becoming established. Most C. perfringens toxin genes are encoded on conjugative plasmids, including the pCW3-like and the recently discovered pCP13-like plasmid families. Production of C. perfringens toxins is highly regulated via processes involving two-component regulatory systems, quorum sensing and/or sporulation-related alternative sigma factors. Non-toxin factors, such as degradative enzymes like sialidases, are also now being implicated in the pathogenicity of this bacterium. These factors can promote toxin action in vitro and, perhaps in vivo, and also enhance C. perfringens intestinal colonization, e.g. NanI sialidase increases C. perfringens adherence to intestinal tissue and generates nutrients for its growth, at least in vitro. The possible virulence contributions of many other factors, such as adhesins, the capsule and biofilms, largely await future study.
登录
查看更多内容
影响因子：
3.1
作者：
Bryant, AE;Stevens, DL
通讯作者：
Stevens, DL
影响因子：
3.2
作者：
BaThein, W;Lyristis, M;Shimizu, T
通讯作者：
Shimizu, T
影响因子：
3.3
作者：
Abildgaard, Lone;Sondergaard, Teis E.;Hojberg, Ole
通讯作者：
Hojberg, Ole
影响因子：
0.8
作者：
BUXTON, D;MORGAN, KT
通讯作者：
MORGAN, KT
影响因子：
3.7
作者：
Autheman D;Wyder M;Popoff M;D'Herde K;Christen S;Posthaus H
通讯作者：
Posthaus H