Targeting regulatory T cells for immunotherapy in melanoma.
Targeting regulatory T cells for immunotherapy in melanoma.
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DOI：
10.1186/s43556-021-00038-z
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发表时间：
2021
影响因子：
4
通讯作者：
Xu X
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Huang L;Guo Y;Liu S;Wang H;Zhu J;Ou L;Xu X
调节性T细胞（Regulatory T cells，Tcells）是维持机体免疫功能的重要细胞，也是实体瘤免疫抑制微环境的关键。许多研究已经揭示了在各种人类病理学中的生物学。在这里，我们回顾了最近的理解的免疫表型和抑制功能的TcR在黑色素瘤，包括Treg募集和肿瘤中的扩展。T细胞在黑色素瘤中经常积累，并且黑色素瘤中CD8+ T细胞与T细胞的比率可预测患者的存活。因此，耗尽Tlymphocyte是增强抗黑素瘤免疫力的有前景的策略。许多最近的研究旨在靶向黑素瘤中的TdR。将TcB与其他免疫细胞区分开来，并了解TcB不同亚群的功能，可能有助于更好的治疗效果。已经测试了从肿瘤微环境中耗尽功能性TdR以诱导针对黑素瘤的临床相关免疫应答。然而，缺乏Treg特异性治疗性抗体或Treg特异性耗竭策略是尚待克服的一大障碍。迫切需要进一步的研究来微调目前可用的治疗方法和更多特异性和选择性靶向黑色素瘤中肿瘤浸润性T细胞的药物。
Regulatory T cells (Tregs) are essential in the maintenance of immunity, and they are also a key to immune suppressive microenvironment in solid tumors. Many studies have revealed the biology of Tregs in various human pathologies. Here we review recent understandings of the immunophenotypes and suppressive functions of Tregs in melanoma, including Treg recruitment and expansion in a tumor. Tregs are frequently accumulated in melanoma and the ratio of CD8+ T cells versus Tregs in the melanoma is predictive for patient survival. Hence, depletion of Tregs is a promising strategy for the enhancement of anti-melanoma immunity. Many recent studies are aimed to target Tregs in melanoma. Distinguishing Tregs from other immune cells and understanding the function of different subsets of Tregs may contribute to better therapeutic efficacy. Depletion of functional Tregs from the tumor microenvironment has been tested to induce clinically relevant immune responses against melanomas. However, the lack of Treg specific therapeutic antibodies or Treg specific depleting strategies is a big hurdle that is yet to be overcome. Additional studies to fine-tune currently available therapies and more agents that specifically and selectively target tumor infiltrating Tregs in melanoma are urgently needed.