Utah State University From the SelectedWorks of James Long March , 2015 Environmental drivers of deadwood dynamics in woodlands and forests
Utah State University From the SelectedWorks of James Long March , 2015 Environmental drivers of deadwood dynamics in woodlands and forests
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犹他州立大学摘自詹姆斯·长征选集，2015 年林地和森林中枯木动态的环境驱动因素
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发表时间：
2017
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影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Long
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作者：
M.;Garbarino;R.;Marzano;D. J.;Shaw;N. J.;Long
枯木动态在许多森林生态系统中起着关键作用。了解枯木积累和枯竭所涉及的机制可以增强我们对碳固存和干扰机制等基本过程的理解，从而能够更好地预测与替代管理和气候情景相关的未来变化。枯木动力学的概念框架已经被普遍接受，但还没有得到经验数据的广泛检验。我们使用了一个大型(n 1⁄46191)数据集，其中包含对活死树和直立死树以及倒下的木质材料的测量，这些材料代表了整个美国西部内陆地区的许多林地和森林类型，以评估环境因素与森林结构基本要素之间的关系，特别关注死木的各种成分(即细木质碎片、凋落物、杂物和大死木，包括站立和倒下)。环境梯度是决定这些不同植被类型结构和枯枝动态的最大影响因素。我们发现，死成分与活成分大致成正比，结构的所有不同成分都可以作为代表温度和水分的气候梯度的函数来排序。我们的结果仅部分支持了生物量的最大积累与温度和水分的中间值有关的假设，表明必须在与特定林地和森林类型最常见的特定干扰制度(例如，火、虫害爆发、风)的背景下考虑枯木动态的概念化。这些发现与广泛的应用有关，从生态系统建模到在未来替代气候下开发资源管理计划。
Deadwood dynamics play a key role in many forest ecosystems. Understanding the mechanisms involved in the accumulation and depletion of deadwood can enhance our understanding of fundamental processes such as carbon sequestration and disturbance regimes, allowing better predictions of future changes related to alternative management and climate scenarios. A conceptual framework for deadwood dynamics has been generally accepted but has not been broadly tested with empirical data. We used a large (n 1⁄4 6191) data set containing measurements of live and standing dead trees, and downed woody material, representing numerous woodland and forest types from throughout the Interior Western USA, to assess relationships between environmental factors and basic elements of forest structure, with particular focus on the various components of deadwood (i.e., fine woody debris, litter, duff and large deadwood, both standing and downed). Environmental gradients emerged as the most influential factors determining structure and deadwood dynamics of these diverse vegetation types. We found that dead components are approximately proportional to the live component and that all of the various components of structure can be ordered as a function of climatic gradients representing temperature and moisture. The postulate that maximum accumulation of biomass is associated with intermediate values of temperature and moisture was only partially supported by our results, indicating that conceptualizations of deadwood dynamics must be considered in the context of the particular disturbance regimes (e.g., fire, insect outbreaks, wind) most commonly associated with particular woodland and forest types. These findings are relevant to a wide range of applications, from ecosystem modeling to development of resource management plans under alternative future climates.