Acceleration of ocean warming, salinification, deoxygenation and acidification in the surface subtropical North Atlantic Ocean
Acceleration of ocean warming, salinification, deoxygenation and acidification in the surface subtropical North Atlantic Ocean
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DOI：
10.1038/s43247-020-00030-5
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发表时间：
2020-10-16
影响因子：
7.9
通讯作者：
Johnson, Rodney J.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bates, Nicholas Robert;Johnson, Rodney J.
根据对两个开放海洋水文站的观测分析，在大气二氧化碳浓度增长最弱的20年里，大西洋副热带表层的二氧化碳浓度和海洋酸化增长最快。海洋的化学和物理条件正在发生变化。在这里，我们展示了北大西洋副热带表层变暖、盐碱化、脱氧、二氧化碳（CO2）和酸化的年代际变化和近期加速（百慕大大西洋时间序列研究站点；1980年代至今）。地表温度和盐度表现出年代际变化，分别增加了0.85℃（最近变暖1.2℃）和0.12℃，而溶解氧水平下降了8%（每十年下降2%）。与此同时，海水DIC、CO2逸出度fCO(2)和人为CO2分别增加了8%、22%和72%。冬季与夏季的fCO(2)差异增加了4 ~ 8亩/年（-1），这是由于季节性的热和碱度变化。海洋pH值下降0.07（类似于酸度增加17%），其他酸化指标下降约10%。在过去近四十年中，海洋二氧化碳和海洋酸化的最高增幅发生在大气二氧化碳增长最弱的几十年，反之亦然。
Carbon dioxide concentrations and ocean acidification in the subtropical surface Atlantic Ocean increased fastest during the two decades of weakest atmospheric carbon dioxide level increases, according to an analysis of observations at two open-ocean hydrographic stations.Ocean chemical and physical conditions are changing. Here we show decadal variability and recent acceleration of surface warming, salinification, deoxygenation, carbon dioxide (CO2) and acidification in the subtropical North Atlantic Ocean (Bermuda Atlantic Time-series Study site; 1980s to present). Surface temperatures and salinity exhibited interdecadal variability, increased by similar to 0.85 degrees C (with recent warming of 1.2 degrees C) and 0.12, respectively, while dissolved oxygen levels decreased by similar to 8% (similar to 2% per decade). Concurrently, seawater DIC, fCO(2) (fugacity of CO2) and anthropogenic CO2 increased by similar to 8%, 22%, and 72% respectively. The winter versus summer fCO(2) difference increased by 4 to 8 mu atm decade(-1) due to seasonally divergent thermal and alkalinity changes. Ocean pH declined by 0.07 (similar to 17% increase in acidity) and other acidification indicators by similar to 10%. Over the past nearly forty years, the highest increase in ocean CO2 and ocean acidification occurred during decades of weakest atmospheric CO2 growth and vice versa.