Enzyme immunoassays in diagnostic medicine. Theory and practice.
Enzyme immunoassays in diagnostic medicine. Theory and practice.
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DOI：
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发表时间：
1976
影响因子：
11.1
通讯作者：
A. Voller;D. Bidwell;A. Bartlett
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
A. Voller;D. Bidwell;A. Bartlett
血清学方法在疾病的诊断和流行病学评估中发挥着越来越重要的作用。迫切需要用于大规模应用的简单、廉价的方法。最近开发并在此综述的酶免疫测定方法在各种条件下的应用具有广阔的前景。在实验室条件下，它们可以像放射免疫测定一样灵敏，但也可以采用简单的现场筛选程序。这些方法基于使用连接至不溶性载体表面的抗体或抗原。然后用它“捕获”测试溶液中的相关抗原或抗体，并通过酶标记的抗体或抗原检测复合物。通过光度测定测量的酶底物的降解与测试溶液中未知“抗体”或“抗原”的浓度成正比。综述了这些技术在内分泌学、免疫病理学、血液学、微生物学和寄生虫学中的应用。
Serological methods are playing an increasingly important role in the diagnosis and epidemiological assessment of diseases. Simple, inexpensive methods for large-scale application are urgently needed. The enzyme immunoassay methods developed recently and reviewed here hold great promise for application in a wide variety of conditions. Under laboratory conditions they can be as sensitive as radio-immunoassay, but they can also be adapted as simple field screening procedures. These methods are based on the use of antibodies or antigens that are linked to an insoluble carrier surface. This is then used to "capture" the relevant antigen or antibody in the test solution and the complex is detected by means of an enzyme-labelled antibody or antigen. The degradation of the enzyme substrate, measured photometrically, is proportional to the concentration of the unknown "antibody" or "antigen" in the test solution. The application of these techniques to endocrinology, immunopathology, haematology, microbiology, and parasitology is reviewed.