Beyond carbon and nitrogen: how the microbial energy economy couples elemental cycles in diverse ecosystems
Beyond carbon and nitrogen: how the microbial energy economy couples elemental cycles in diverse ecosystems
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DOI：
10.1890/090227
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发表时间：
2011-02-01
影响因子：
10.3
通讯作者：
Silver, Whendee L.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Burgin, Amy J.;Yang, Wendy H.;Silver, Whendee L.
微生物代谢耦合元素反应，驱动生物地球化学循环。元素循环的同化耦合，如碳（C），氮（N）和磷循环，发生在这些元素被纳入生物质或通过其分解释放。此外，许多微生物能够异化偶联，催化与元素氧化态转化相关的能量释放反应，并将转化的元素释放到环境中。不同的无机元素提供不同数量的能量产出，这些过程的相互作用创造了微生物能源经济。涉及C、N、铁和硫的异化反应提供了特别重要的例子，其中微生物介导的氧化还原（氧化还原）转化影响净初级生产的营养物质可用性、温室气体排放、污染物和天然有毒因子的水平以及其他生态系统动态。最近发现以前未被认识的微生物异化过程导致重新评估的传统观念的地球化学循环。
Microbial metabolism couples elemental reactions, driving biogeochemical cycles. Assimilatory coupling of elemental cycles, such as the carbon (C), nitrogen (N), and phosphorus cycles, occurs when these elements are incorporated into biomass or released through its decomposition. In addition, many microbes are capable of dissimilatory coupling, catalyzing energy-releasing reactions linked to transformations in the oxidation state of elements, and releasing the transformed elements to the environment. Different inorganic elements provide varying amounts of energy yield, and the interaction of these processes creates a microbial energy economy. Dissimilatory reactions involving C, N, iron, and sulfur provide particularly important examples where microbially mediated oxidation-reduction (redox) transformations affect nutrient availability for net primary production, greenhouse-gas emissions, levels of contaminants and natural toxic factors, and other ecosystem dynamics. Recent discoveries of previously unrecognized microbial dissimilatory processes are leading to reevaluation of traditional perceptions of biogeochemical cycles.