The relationship of developmental changes in white matter to the onset of psychosis.
The relationship of developmental changes in white matter to the onset of psychosis.
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DOI：
10.2174/138161212799316073
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发表时间：
2012
影响因子：
3.1
通讯作者：
Fusar-Poli P
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Karlsgodt KH;Jacobson SC;Seal M;Fusar-Poli P
精神分裂症是一种具有明显发育成分的疾病。因此，人们越来越有兴趣描述疾病发作前的发育变化，以努力制定有效的预防干预措施。已知发生在青春期后期的持续神经发育变化之一是白色物质发育和髓鞘形成，该变化通常与前驱期和发作时间重叠。在这篇评论中，白色物质发育的正常轨迹中断可能在精神病的发病中发挥重要作用。我们试图总结的白色物质的发展前驱受试者的研究现状，特别侧重于扩散张量成像（DTI）的措施。首先，我们描述了发育白色物质变化和髓鞘形成的生理基础。接下来，我们用DTI测量了与青春期典型发育相关的白色物质变化的模式。然后，我们讨论了白色物质的变化观察到的成年精神分裂症患者和个人在遗传和临床高风险状态。最后，我们讨论了这些研究结果对未来研究方向和潜在治疗干预的影响。
Schizophrenia is a disorder with a pronounced developmental component. Accordingly, there is a growing interest in characterizing developmental changes in the period leading up to disease onset, in an effort to develop effective preventative interventions. One of the ongoing neurodevelopmental changes known to occur in the late adolescent period that often overlaps with the prodromal phase and time of onset is white matter development and myelination. In this critical review, a disruption in the normal trajectory of white matter development could potentially play an important role in the onset of psychosis. We seek to summarize the existing state of research on white matter development in prodromal subjects, with a particular focus on diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) measures. First, we describe the physiological basis of developmental white matter changes and myelination. Next, we characterize the pattern of white matter changes associated with typical development across adolescence as measured with DTI. Then, we discuss white matter changes observed in adult patients with schizophrenia and in individuals seen in genetic and clinical high risk states. Finally, we discuss the implications of these findings for future research directions and for potential therapeutic interventions.