Genetic and Epigenetic Regulation of Vernalization in Brassicaceae
Genetic and Epigenetic Regulation of Vernalization in Brassicaceae
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DOI：
10.5772/intechopen.74573
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发表时间：
2018-03
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
A. Akter;Namiko Nishida;Satoko Takada;Etsuko Itabashi;K. Osabe;Daniel John Shea;R. Fujimoto
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
A. Akter;Namiko Nishida;Satoko Takada;Etsuko Itabashi;K. Osabe;Daniel John Shea;R. Fujimoto
白菜型油菜的形态性状存在着广泛的变异。和甘蓝，并且这些物种的栽培蔬菜品种在全世界被消费。开花时间是这些物种的重要农艺性状，并且在品种或栽培品种之间变化。尤其是叶菜类蔬菜品种需要高的抗抽薹性。FLC基因是春化过程中的关键基因之一，它的分离为研究植物开花时间调控的分子机制，包括组蛋白修饰的作用提供了新的思路。在模式植物拟南芥中，FLC在调节开花时间中起重要作用。对春化的反应导致组蛋白H3赖氨酸27三甲基化（H3K27me3）的增加，这导致FLC基因的表达减少。B。rapa和B.甘蓝的主要开花时间和春化反应数量性状基因座（QTL）的同线区域都含有FLC的旁系同源基因。本文介绍了近年来的研究成果，不仅在A. thaliana，而且从遗传和表观遗传的观点来看也属于芸苔属。在春化条件下检测到4个QTL（非春化条件下的VFN 1、2、3和春化条件下的FN 1）。一个主要
A wide variation of morphological traits exists in Brassica rapa L. and Brassica oleracea L., and cultivated vegetable varieties of these species are consumed worldwide. Flowering time is an important agronomic trait in these species and varies among varieties or cultivars. Especially, leafy vegetable species need a high bolting resistance. Isolation of FLOWERING LOCUS C ( FLC ), one of the key genes involved in vernalization, has now provided an insight into the molecular mechanism involved in the regulation of flowering time, including the role of histone modification. In the model plant Arabidopsis thaliana , FLC plays an important role in modulating flowering time. The response to vernaliza tion causes an increase in histone H3 lysine 27 tri-methylation (H3K27me3) that leads to reduced expression of the FLC gene. B. rapa and B. oleracea both contain several paralogs of FLC at syntenic regions identified as major flowering time and vernalization response quantitative trait loci (QTL). We introduce the recent research, not only in A. thaliana , but also in the genus Brassica from a genetic and epigenetic view point. cultivar, Major, and the annual canola cultivar, Stellar, four QTLs (VFN1, 2, 3 in non-vernalized condition and FN1 in vernalized condition) were detected. One major