BMI, leisure-time physical activity, and physical fitness in adults in China: results from a series of national surveys, 2000-14
BMI, leisure-time physical activity, and physical fitness in adults in China: results from a series of national surveys, 2000-14
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DOI：
10.1016/s2213-8587(16)00081-4
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发表时间：
2016-06-01
影响因子：
44.5
通讯作者：
McNaughton, Lars R.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Tian, Ye;Jiang, Chongmin;McNaughton, Lars R.
研究背景肥胖、缺乏运动和体质下降是中国慢性病负担增加的原因之一。我们调查了这些因素在中国成年人在14年期间（2000-14）使用的数据从随机national survey.Methods我们做了四个全国性的调查，在2000年，2005年，2010年和2014年在中国成年人年龄在20-59岁。我们使用BMI评估体重不足（= 23.0至= 27.5 kg/m2）。中心性肥胖定义为男性腰围大于90 cm，女性腰围大于85 cm。我们通过参与者是否完成了每周推荐的最少150分钟中等或75分钟剧烈运动来评估休闲时间体力活动（LTPA）。评估身体健康的指标包括用力肺活量、静息心率、握力、坐位和前伸距离以及单腿站立时间。结果193 440名成年人中有151 656人（78%）在2000年、2005年和2010年分别回答了调查163 386人（84%）、154 931人（80%），2014年为146703人（76%）。肥胖患病率从2000年的8.6%增加到2005年的10.3%，2010年的12.2%和2014年的12.9%（估计每年增加0.32%，95% CI 0.30- 0.33; p < 0.0001）。相应的估计值分别为37.4%、39.2%、40.7%和41.2%，（估计每年增加0.27%，95% CI 0.25-0.30; p < 0.0001），向心性肥胖分别为13.9%、18.3%、22.1%和24.9%（估计每年增加0.78%，0.76-0.80; p < 0.0001）。超重、肥胖和向心性肥胖的患病率随着年龄的增长而增加（均p < 0.0001），男性高于女性（均p < 0.0001）。我们注意到体重不足的患病率同时下降（估计每年下降0.06%，95% CI 0.04-0.07; p < 0.0001）。满足LTPA最低建议的成年人比例随着时间的推移而增加（2000年为17.2%，2005年为18.1%，2014年为22.8%），估计每年的患病率变化为0.33%（95% CI 0.24-0.42; p < 0.0001）对于体重不足的人，0.50%（0.47-0.53; p < 0.0001），超重者为0.37%（0.34-0.40; p < 0.0001），肥胖者为0.06%（0.00-0.13; p = 0.044）。我们注意到，除了静息心率（p = 0.69）外，正常体重成年人的所有身体健康指标都随着时间的推移而恶化（所有p < 0.0001）。解释尽管参与LTPA的人数增加，但我们注意到中国成年人超重或肥胖的人数增加，身体健康的人数减少。中国需要继续在全国范围内采取干预措施，以促进体育活动和其他健康的生活方式行为。
Background Obesity, physical inactivity, and reduced physical fitness contribute to the rising burden of chronic diseases in China. We investigated these factors in Chinese adults over a 14-year period (2000-14) using data from randomised national surveys.Methods We did four national surveys in 2000, 2005, 2010, and 2014 among Chinese adults aged 20-59 years. We used BMI to assess underweight (= 23.0 to = 27.5 kg/m(2)). Central obesity was defined as a waist circumference greater than 90 cm in men and greater than 85 cm in women. We assessed leisure-time physical activity (LTPA) by whether or not participants had completed the recommended minimum 150 min of moderate or 75 min of vigorous exercise per week. Indices for assessment of physical fitness were forced vital capacity, resting heart rate, hand grip strength, sit and reach distance, and time standing on one leg.Findings 151 656 (78%) of 193 440 adults responded to the survey in 2000, 163 386 (84%) in 2005, 154 931 (80%) in 2010, and 146 703 (76%) in 2014. The prevalence of obesity increased from 8.6% in 2000, to 10.3% in 2005, 12.2% in 2010, and 12.9% in 2014 (estimated increase 0.32% per year, 95% CI 0.30- 0.33; p < 0.0001). The equivalent estimates were 37.4%, 39.2%, 40.7%, and 41.2% for overweight (estimated increase 0.27% per year, 95% CI 0.25-0.30; p < 0.0001) and 13.9%, 18.3%, 22.1%, and 24.9% for central obesity (estimated increase 0.78% per year, 0.76-0.80; p < 0.0001). The prevalence of overweight, obesity, and central obesity increased with age (all p < 0.0001) and was higher in men than in women (all p < 0.0001). We noted a simultaneous decrease in the prevalence of underweight (estimated decrease of 0.06% per year, 95% CI 0.04-0.07; p < 0.0001). The proportion of adults meeting the minimum LTPA recommendation increased over time (17.2% in 2000, 18.1% in 2005, and 22.8% in 2014), with the estimated prevalence change per year being 0.33% (95% CI 0.24-0.42; p < 0.0001) for underweight people, 0.50% (0.47-0.53; p < 0.0001) for normal-weight people, 0.37% (0.34-0.40; p < 0.0001) for overweight people, and 0.06% (0.00-0.13; p = 0.044) for obese people. We noted deteriorations over time in all measures of physical fitness in normal-weight adults (all p < 0.0001), apart from resting heart rate (p = 0.69).Interpretation Despite increased participation in LTPA, we noted increases in overweight or obesity and a decrease in physical fi tness in Chinese adults. Continued nationwide interventions are needed to promote physical activity and other healthy lifestyle behaviours in China.