Hopelessness and depression.
Hopelessness and depression.
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绝望和沮丧。
DOI：
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发表时间：
1983
影响因子：
3.1
通讯作者：
I. M. Blackburn
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
C. J. Nekanda;S. Bishop;I. M. Blackburn
已经提出，抑郁症患者的自杀愿望可以通过改变绝望来减少（Beck等人，1979年）。贝克绝望量表（Beck's Hopelessness Scale）测量的绝望程度与临床群体中的自杀指数密切相关。然而，缺乏抑郁症患者的规范性数据。此外，还没有证据表明，绝望的人表现出认知疗法关注的特定认知扭曲。86例新转诊的原发性抑郁症患者完成了绝望量表。结果表明，悲观是常见的抑郁症患者，虽然可以有相当大的个体差异。因子分析揭示了五个认知因素，需要从更大的研究复制。在第二项研究中，20名抑郁症患者接受了采访，以评估不同程度的绝望的意义。更大的绝望感与自杀意愿的增加和对现实生活中问题的负面期望有关。这些发现强调了绝望在抑郁自杀患者中的重要性，并为认知理论家提出的干预建议提供了间接支持。
It has been proposed that suicidal wishes in depressed patients can be reduced by modifying hopelessness (Beck et al., 1979). Hopelessness, as measured by Beck's Hopelessness Scale, has been shown to correlate strongly with suicidal indices in clinical groups. However, normative data from depressed patients are lacking. Moreover, it has yet to be shown that hopeless individuals manifest the specific cognitive distortions on which cognitive therapy focuses. Eighty-six newly referred patients with primary depression completed the Hopelessness Scale. Results indicate that pessimism is common among depressed patients, although there can be considerable individual differences. Factor analysis revealed five cognitive factors which need replication from larger studies. In a second study, 20 depressed patients were interviewed to assess the significance of different levels of hopelessness. Greater hopelessness was associated both with an increase in suicidal wishes and with more negative expectations about real-life problems. These findings emphasize the importance of hopelessness in depressed suicidal patients, and provide indirect support for the intervention proposals advanced by cognitive theorists.