Consistent and varied memory/visual search: is there an interaction between age and response-set effects?
Consistent and varied memory/visual search: is there an interaction between age and response-set effects?
复制标题
一致且多样化的记忆/视觉搜索：年龄和反应设定效应之间是否存在相互作用？
DOI：
10.1093/geronj/45.3.p81
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发表时间：
1990
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Giambra,LM
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Fisk,AD;Rogers,WA;Giambra,LM
在对年轻人（平均年龄 20 岁）和老年人（平均年龄 74 岁）进行广泛一致（CM）和变化映射（Vm）练习后，检查了刺激一致性和反应设置的相互作用。该实验检验了降低响应复杂性是否会导致跨年龄组的同等一致的映射搜索性能。受试者接受了 2,240 次训练试验，分别针对混合记忆/视觉搜索任务的 CM 和 VM 版本。在训练期间，使用了两种响应条件：（1）仅在目标存在时响应（仅是响应）和（2）仅在目标不存在时响应（仅响应否）。初始训练后，受试者被转移到相反的反应条件。在训练期间，反应时间与记忆集大小相关的函数仅在 CM 练习中在年龄组之间存在差异，复制了先前在广泛的 CM 练习中发现的与年龄相关的效应。训练后的响应逆转（例如，仅是到否）会导致 CM 和 VM 搜索出现与年龄相关的转移效应。重要的是，转移数据表明年龄相关的受控处理效果
Interactions of stimulus consistency and response-set were examined after extensive consistent (CM) and varied mapping (Vm) practice for young (mean age 20) and old (mean age 74) adults. The experiment examined whether reduced response complexity would lead to equivalent consistent mapping search performance across age groups. Subjects received 2,240 training trials each for CM and VM versions of a hybrid memory/visual search task. During training two response conditions were used: (1) respond only when a target was present (Yes-only responding) and (2) respond only when a target was absent (No-only responding). Following initial training, subjects were transferred to the opposite response condition. During training the function relating reaction time to memory-set size differed between age groups only with CM practice, replicating age-related effects previously found for extensive CM practice. Response reversal (e.g., Yes-only to No-only) after training led to age-related transfer effects for both CM and VM search. Importantly, the transfer data suggest age-dependent controlled processing effects