Minimizing the Repayment Cost of Federal Student Loans

Minimizing the Repayment Cost of Federal Student Loans
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最大限度地降低联邦学生贷款的偿还成本

DOI:
10.1137/22m1505840
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发表时间:
2022
期刊:
影响因子:
10.2
通讯作者:
Huang, Yu-Jui
Huang, Yu-Jui
中科院分区:
数学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Guasoni, Paolo;Huang, Yu-Jui

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联邦学生贷款是固定利率债务合同,具有三个主要特点:(一)借款人可以使用收入驱动的计划,使付款与他们的收入成比例以上的生活;(二)经过几年的良好信誉,余额被免除,但作为普通收入征税;(三)应计利息是简单的,即,没有资本化。对于一个非常小的贷款,成本最小化的还款策略规定,最大限度地支付,直到全额还款,放弃收入驱动的计划和宽恕。对于一笔非常大的贷款,收入驱动计划所允许的最低支付额是最优的。对于中间余额,最优还款策略可能需要一个最低还款期,以利用应计利息的非资本化,但当本金被偿还时,最高还款总是在最低还款之前。收入驱动的计划和简单的应计利息主要使余额很大的借款人受益。
Federal student loans are fixed-rate debt contracts with three main special features: (i) borrowers can use income-driven schemes to make payments proportional to their income above subsistence; (ii) after several years of being in good standing, the remaining balance is forgiven but taxed as ordinary income; and (iii) accrued interest is simple, i.e., not capitalized. For a very small loan, the cost-minimizing repayment strategy dictates maximum payments until full repayment, forgoing both income-driven schemes and forgiveness. For a very large loan, the minimal payments allowed by income-driven schemes are optimal. For intermediate balances, the optimal repayment strategy may entail an initial period of minimum payments to exploit the noncapitalization of accrued interest, but when the principal is being reimbursed maximal payments always precede minimum payments. Income-driven schemes and simple accrued interest mostly benefit borrowers with very large balances.
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