Genshiryoku no shakaishi: Sono nihonteki tenkai. Shinpan 原子力の社会史:その日本的展開. 新版 [A Social History of Nuclear Power: Its Development in Japan. New Edition]
Genshiryoku no shakaishi: Sono nihonteki tenkai. Shinpan 原子力の社会史:その日本的展開. 新版 [A Social History of Nuclear Power: Its Development in Japan. New Edition]
复制标题
Genshiryoku no shakaishi：Sono nihonteki tenkai。《核电社会史：日本的发展》。
DOI：
10.1215/18752160-2333081
复制
发表时间：
2013
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Seong
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Seong
日本的核历史是自相矛盾的。这个国家在第二次世界大战中遭受了两颗核弹的毁灭性破坏，但它却发展了世界上最具活力的核电项目之一。1967年，日本开始运营第一座核电站。在2011年3月11日福岛第一核电站发生灾难时，随后的建设使核电站总数达到54座。他们提供了全国大约30%的电力。现在，日本需要一种新的能源，这是一个受到日本人民和全世界人民广泛关注的话题。因此，吉冈仁1999年出版的新书《核能社会史：日本的发展》的新版本出现的时机再合适不过了。新增加了一章，总共增加了大约七十页。增加的内容是基于作者的进一步研究，以及他作为3月11日前后召开的政府能源政策委员会成员的个人经验。这本书可分为两部分。在第一部分中，作者考察了日本核计划的早期历史。第二部分包括更近的历史和项目的总体评估。为了做好铺垫，吉冈首先强调了核项目的结构：由政府提供的强有力的领导以及由科学技术机构、电力公司和国际贸易和工业部组成的双重结构。在第一版中，作者将这种双重体制称为“次政府模式”。这句话没有出现在新版的书中；然而，“地方政府模式”的想法仍然存在。在第二次世界大战期间，日本进行了原子能研究，直到1945年日本投降后才被禁止，直到1951年开始了核能计划。1956年，日本原子能研究所成立。
Japan’s nuclear history is paradoxical. The country sustained devastating destruction from two nuclear bombs in World War II, yet it developed one of the most vigorous nuclear power programs in the world. Japan began operating its first nuclear power plant in 1967. Subsequent construction brought the total to fifty-four plants at the time of the catastrophe at Fukushima Daiichi beginning onMarch 11, 2011. They provided about 30 percent of the country’s electricity. Now Japan needs a new source of energy, a subject that receives a vast amount of attention—from the Japanese people and people all over the world. The timing is therefore perfect for the appearance of a new edition of Hitoshi Yoshioka’s 1999 book, A Social History of Nuclear Power: Its Development in Japan. A new chapter has been added, totaling about seventy additional pages. The additional content is based on further research by the author, as well as his personal experience as a member of government committees on energy policy that convened before and after March 11. The book can be divided into two parts. In the first, the author examines the early history of Japan’s nuclear program. The second part includes more recent history and an overall assessment of the program. To set the stage, Yoshioka begins by emphasizing the nuclear program’s structure: the strong leadership provided by the government and the dual structure composed of the Science and TechnologyAgency and the electricity companies and theMinistry of International Trade and Industry group. In the first edition, the author called this dual system a “subgovernmental model.” That expression does not appear in the new version of the book; however, the ideas of the “subgovernmentalmodel” are still there. During World War II, atomic energy research was carried out in Japan, only to be prohibited from Japan’s surrender in 1945 until 1951, when a nuclear power program was initiated. In 1956 the Japan Atomic Energy Research Institute was established.