Effects of illumination on the categorization of shiny materials
Effects of illumination on the categorization of shiny materials
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DOI：
10.1167/jov.20.5.2
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发表时间：
2020-05-01
影响因子：
1.8
通讯作者：
Phillips, Flip
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Norman, J. Farley;Todd, James T.;Phillips, Flip
本研究旨在研究照明模式如何影响金属，闪亮的黑色和闪亮的白色材料的感知分类。刺激描绘了三个可能的物体，这些物体被五个可能的高动力范围灯光图照亮，它们在其照明方向和强度的整体分布上有所不同。表面包括低粗糙度的铬材料，闪亮的黑色材料以及带有分散和镜面成分的闪亮白色材料。观察者通过调整四个滑块来对每个刺激进行评分，以表明所描绘的材料是金属，闪亮的黑色，闪亮的白色或其他东西的信心，并且这些调整受到限制，因此所有四个设置的总和始终为100％。结果表明，金属和闪亮的黑色类别很容易混淆。例如，具有低强度的光图或狭窄范围照明方向的金属材料通常被判断为闪亮的黑色，而闪亮的黑色材料具有高强度光图或广泛的照明方向通常被判断为金属。为了发现这些判断所基于的视觉信息，我们测量了几个可能的图像统计数据，我们发现两个与观察者在适当环境中的置信度高度相关。我们还对不同的光图进行了球形谐波分析，以定量预测他们将如何偏向观察者对金属和闪亮黑色表面的判断。
The present research was designed to examine how patterns of illumination influence the perceptual categorization of metal, shiny black, and shiny white materials. The stimuli depicted three possible objects that were illuminated by five possible high-dynamic-range imaging light maps, which varied in their overall distributions of illuminant directions and intensities. The surfaces included a low roughness chrome material, a shiny black material, and a shiny white material with both diffuse and specular components. Observers rated each stimulus by adjusting four sliders to indicate their confidence that the depicted material was metal, shiny black, shiny white, or something else, and these adjustments were constrained so that the sum of all four settings was always 100%. The results revealed that the metal and shiny black categories are easily confused. For example, metal materials with low intensity light maps or a narrow range of illuminant directions are often judged as shiny black, whereas shiny black materials with high intensity light maps or a wide range of illuminant directions are often judged as metal. To discover the visual information on which these judgements are based, we measured several possible image statistics, and we found two that were highly correlated with the observers' confidence ratings in appropriate contexts. We also performed a spherical harmonic analysis on the different light maps to quantitatively predict how they would bias observers' judgments of metal and shiny black surfaces.