Region-based shielding of visual search from salient distractors: Target detection is impaired with same- but not different-dimension distractors
Region-based shielding of visual search from salient distractors: Target detection is impaired with same- but not different-dimension distractors
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DOI：
10.3758/s13414-017-1477-4
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发表时间：
2018-04-01
影响因子：
1.7
通讯作者：
Mueller, Hermann J.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Sauter, Marian;Liesefeld, Heinrich Rene;Mueller, Hermann J.
随着时间的推移，对于分心物出现更频繁的显示区域，屏蔽视觉搜索免受显著分心物干扰的效率变得更高，而不仅仅是Goschy、Bakos、Muller和Zehetleitner(心理学前沿5：1195,2014)。我们假设，这种习得的分心物体概率线索效应的轨迹取决于要抑制的分心物体相对于要注意的目标的维度关系。如果分心物和目标被定义在不同的视觉维度中(例如，如在Goschy等人中定义的颜色定义的分心物和方向定义的目标。(《心理学前沿》5：1195,2014)，可以通过降低分心物定义维度Zehetleitner，Goschy和Muller(实验心理学杂志：人类感知和表现38：941-957,2012)中的特征对比信号的权重来有效地抑制分心物，更强的降权应用于频繁分心区域，而不是罕见分心区域。然而，给定维度耦合的特征对比度信号加权(参见Muller J，Heller&Ziegler(感知与心理物理学57：1-17,1995)，当目标和干扰物被定义在同一维度内时，这种维度(向下)加权策略将不会有效。在这种情况下，抑制的操作可能不同：通过抑制搜索引导主显著地图上的整个频繁分心区域。这一水平的抑制的不利之处是，尽管它减少了被抑制(频繁干扰)区域的干扰，但它也会损害该区域的目标处理--即使显示器中实际上没有干扰。本研究(有184名被试)证实了相同维度和不同维度干扰项之间的这种预测的质的差异，从而加深了我们对搜索指导功能结构的理解，特别是关于保护搜索不受某些显示区域持续发生的干扰项干扰的机制。
Shielding visual search against interference from salient distractors becomes more efficient over time for display regions where distractors appear more frequently, rather than only rarely Goschy, Bakos, Muller, & Zehetleitner (Frontiers in Psychology 5: 1195, 2014). We hypothesized that the locus of this learned distractor probability-cueing effect depends on the dimensional relationship of the to-be-inhibited distractor relative to the to-be-attended target. If the distractor and target are defined in different visual dimensions (e.g., a color-defined distractor and orientation-defined target, as in Goschy et al. (Frontiers in Psychology 5: 1195, 2014), distractors may be efficiently suppressed by down-weighting the feature contrast signals in the distractor-defining dimension Zehetleitner, Goschy, & Muller (Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance 38: 941-957, 2012), with stronger down-weighting being applied to the frequent- than to the rare-distractor region. However, given dimensionally coupled feature contrast signal weighting (cf. Muller J, Heller & Ziegler (Perception & Psychophysics 57:1-17, 1995), this dimension-(down-)weighting strategy would not be effective when the target and the distractors are defined within the same dimension. In this case, suppression may operate differently: by inhibiting the entire frequent-distractor region on the search-guiding master saliency map. The downside of inhibition at this level is that, although it reduces distractor interference in the inhibited (frequent-distractor) region, it also impairs target processing in that region-even when no distractor is actually present in the display. This predicted qualitative difference between same- and different-dimension distractors was confirmed in the present study (with 184 participants), thus furthering our understanding of the functional architecture of search guidance, especially regarding the mechanisms involved in shielding search from the interference of distractors that consistently occur in certain display regions.