Impacts of selective logging on spatial structure of tree species composition in Bornean tropical rain forests
Impacts of selective logging on spatial structure of tree species composition in Bornean tropical rain forests
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选择性采伐对婆罗洲热带雨林树种组成空间结构的影响
DOI：
10.1080/13416979.2019.1666958
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发表时间：
2019
影响因子：
1.5
通讯作者：
Kitayama K
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Imai N;Sugau JB;Pereira JT;Titin J;Kitayama K
我们研究了选择性采伐对马来西亚沙巴热带雨林树种组成空间结构的影响。我们在两个伐木特许地的每一个伐木特许地的原始森林和高度退化的森林中建立了 50 个 20 米半径的地块（面积 0.12 公顷），任何两个地块之间的距离为 0.2 至 40 公里。此外，我们在另外两个采伐特许地的原始林、低影响采伐林和常规采伐林中各建立了 1 个 100 × 200 m 的样地，并将每个样地划分为 40 × 30 m 的样方（面积 0.12 ha），以进一步分析 200 m 以下尺度的空间结构。在大于和小于 0.2 公里规模的原始森林和中度采伐森林中，物种组成相似性随着间距的增加而下降。在这两种尺度的严重砍伐的森林中都无法检测到这种空间结构。严重砍伐的森林的特点是残存林分的镶嵌和先锋物种的再生斑块，导致物种组成的高度空间差异，而没有距离依赖的空间结构。因此，高影响常规伐木通过产生随机植被斑块来破坏冠层树群落物种组成的距离依赖性空间结构，而低影响伐木可以维持空间结构。
We studied the impacts of selective logging on the spatial structure of tree species composition in the tropical rain forest of Sabah, Malaysia. We established 50 20-m radius plots (0.12 ha in area) across primary to highly degraded forests in each of two logging concessions with distances in between any two plots ranging from 0.2 to 40 km. In addition, we established one 100 × 200-m plot in each of primary, reduced-impact logged, and conventionally logged forest in other two logging concessions, and each plot was divided into 40 × 30-m quadrats (0.12 ha in area) for the further analysis of the spatial structure at the scale of less than 200 m. A decline of species-compositional similarity with increasing in-between distance was found in primary and moderately logged forest at both larger and smaller than 0.2-km scale. Such a spatial structure could not be detected in heavily logged forests at both scales. The heavily logged forests were rather characterized by mosaics of remnant stands and regenerating patches of pioneer species, leading to a high spatial variance of species composition without the distance-dependent spatial structure. Accordingly, high-impact conventional logging damages the distance-dependent spatial structure of species composition in canopy tree communities by creating random vegetation patches, while reduced-impact logging can maintain the spatial structure.