Geoarchaeological evolution of Tel Akko's ancient harbour (Israel) ☆
Geoarchaeological evolution of Tel Akko's ancient harbour (Israel) ☆
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Tel Akko古港的地质考古演化（以色列）☆
DOI：
10.1016/j.jasrep.2016.03.046
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发表时间：
2016
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
M. Artzy
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
C. Morhange;M. Giaime;N. Marriner;A. Hamid;H. Bruneton;Anasthasie Honnorat;D. Kaniewski;F. Magnin;A. Porotov;J. Wante;D. Zviely;M. Artzy
在以色列北方的Tel阿科（位于现在的古城以东约1.5公里处）进行的考古发掘发现了进口文物和公元前2000年早期海上贸易的证据（Dothan，1993年）。这些发现有力地支持在该地点存在一个海港（或锚地），尽管其确切位置和相关设施尚未得到澄清。沉积学和古生物学分析，以及Tel阿科周围钻孔的14 C测年，提供了新的古环境信息，有助于重建最近一个时期的海岸线变化。四千年。首先，我们建议，南部的门面告诉构成了海港环境，海洋环境的特点，直到公元前。2800年BP;该网站是由一个天然的岩石防波堤和一个沙洲，被淤塞，并转化为淡水沼泽保护。这个环境可能在公元前一千年早期之前就被告知的居民用作锚地。第二，它似乎告诉的东侧两侧是一个桑迪海岸，这已经淹没，提供了一个开放的锚地，直到后期波斯/希腊化时期在西南地区的告诉。这些结果正在通过地球物理调查和抢救性考古进行交叉检查，并应通过进一步的考古发掘加以验证。
Archaeological excavations at Tel Akko, northern Israel, located some 1.5 km east of the present ancient city, have revealed imported artefacts and evidence for maritime trade dating from the early part of the 2nd millennium BC onwards (Dothan, 1993). These findings strongly support the existence of a harbour (or anchorage) at the site, although its exact location and associated facilities have yet to be elucidated. Sedimentological and palaeontological analyses, together with14C dates of cores drilled around Tel Akko, provide new palaeo-environmental information to help to reconstruct shoreline changes during the last ca. 4000 years. First, we propose that the southern facade of the tell constituted the harbour environment, characterised by marine environments until ca. 2800 years BP; the site was protected by a natural rocky breakwater and a sandbar which were silted-up and transformed into a fresh-water marsh. This environment might have been used as an anchorage by the tell's inhabitants before the early-1st millennium BC. Secondly, it seems that the eastern side of the tell was flanked by a sandy coast, that had prograded, offering an open anchorage until the Late Persian/Hellenistic period in the southwestern area of the tell. These results are being cross-checked by geophysical surveys, rescue archaeology and should be validated by further archaeological excavations.