Health risk assessment of heavy metals in freshwater fish in the central and eastern North China
Health risk assessment of heavy metals in freshwater fish in the central and eastern North China
复制标题
华北中东部地区淡水鱼重金属健康风险评价
DOI：
10.1016/j.ecoenv.2018.03.048
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发表时间：
2018
影响因子：
6.8
通讯作者：
Zhu Lingyan
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Zhong Wenjue;Zhang Yanfeng;Wu Zihao;Yang Rongyan;Chen Xinyue;Yang Jing;Zhu Lingyan
调查了华北中东部16个淡水系统中铜（Cu）、铬（Cr）、锌（Zn）、铅（Pb）、砷（As）、镉（Cd）、锰（Mn）、镍（Ni）8种重金属的分布及其潜在健康风险。鱼分为野生鱼和养殖鱼，野生鱼是自然生长的，无需人工饲养。地表水样品中8种重金属的总浓度范围为82.9至226微克/升，鱼类样品中的8种重金属总浓度范围为3.32至27.6毫克/千克干重。天然水系统和养殖水系统之间的重金属浓度没有显着差异。各种鱼类中的有毒金属（包括铅、砷、镉、铬）浓度相似。但鲫鱼中的必需金属（锌、铜、锰、镍）（15.9毫克/公斤）远高于其他鱼类。野生与养殖鱼类比较，野生鲫鱼、鳙鱼、草鱼各重金属平均浓度均高于养殖鱼类。 Zn、Cr、Cu的平均log BCF（生物富集因子）最高（2.14、2.04、2.00L/kg），Cd的平均log BCF（0.65L/kg）最低。根据目标危害商（THQ）评估了食用鱼对成人和儿童造成的非致癌和致癌健康风险。结果表明，食用鱼制品（无论是野生鱼还是养殖鱼）对人类的非致癌健康风险相对较低。无机As的致癌风险为儿童5.11×10−6～1.95×10−4，成人2.71×10−6～1.04×10−4，均在可接受范围内。结果表明，华北中东部地区淡水鱼中重金属含量较低，未对人体健康造成较大风险。
The distribution and potential health risks of eight heavy metals (Copper (Cu), Chromium (Cr), Zinc (Zn), Lead (Pb), Arsenic (As), Cadmium (Cd), Manganese (Mn), Nickel (Ni)) in 16 freshwater systems from central and eastern North China, were investigated. The fish were divided as wild fish, which grew naturally without artificially feeding, and farmed fish. The total concentrations of the eight heavy metals ranged from 82.9 to 226 μg/L in the surface water samples and 3.32–27.6 mg/kg dw in the fish samples. There was no significant difference in the heavy metal concentrations between natural and farmed water systems. The concentrations of toxic metals, including Pb, As, Cd, Cr, are similar in all kinds of fish. However, the essential metals (Zn, Cu, Mn, Ni) in crucian carp (15.9 mg/kg) was much higher than other kinds of fish. Comparing the wild and farmed fish, the average concentrations of each heavy metal in wild crucian carp, bighead carp, grass carp were higher than those in farmed fish. The average log BCFs (bioconcentration factor) of Zn, Cr and Cu were the highest (2.14, 2.04, 2.00 L/kg) while that of Cd (0.65 L/kg) was the lowest. The non-carcinogenic and carcinogenic health risks to adults and children resulting from consuming the fish were assessed based on the target hazard quotients (THQ). The results indicated that the non-carcinogenic health risk to humans by consuming fish products, no matter wild or farmed fish, was relatively low. The carcinogenic risk of inorganic As was 5.11 × 10−6–1.95 × 10−4for children and 2.71 × 10−6–1.04 × 10−4for adult, which are within the acceptable range. The results indicated that the concentrations of heavy metals in the freshwater fish in central and eastern North China were relatively low, and did not cause considerable human health risks.