Pelvic inflammatory disease in adolescents
Pelvic inflammatory disease in adolescents
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DOI：
10.1097/01.gco.0000242952.87125.69
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发表时间：
2006-10-01
影响因子：
2.1
通讯作者：
Peipert, Jeffrey F.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Gray-Swain, M. Rosanna;Peipert, Jeffrey F.
综述目的探讨青少年盆腔炎的流行病学、危险因素、微生物学、诊断、治疗和预防。年轻是性传播疾病和盆腔炎最重要的危险因素之一。在性活跃的年龄组中，性活跃的青少年患沙眼衣原体、淋病奈瑟菌和盆腔炎的发病率最高。盆腔炎的长期后遗症包括异位妊娠、输卵管性不孕、输卵管卵巢脓肿和慢性盆腔疼痛。亚临床盆腔炎是造成这些长期后遗症的重要原因。新的（2006）疾病控制和预防中心盆腔炎治疗指南是可用的。预防盆腔炎的最佳方法之一是筛查和治疗性活跃青少年衣原体感染。核酸扩增检测的实施允许通过自行收集尿液或阴道拭子样本对青少年进行筛查。盆腔炎是一种高度可预防的青少年生殖疾病。谨慎的做法是，当青少年需要性病筛查或盆腔炎评估时，临床医生应提供健康的性行为、性病预防和避孕方面的咨询。
Purpose of review We discuss the epidemiology, risk factors, microbiology, diagnosis, treatment and prevention of pelvic inflammatory disease in adolescents.Recent findings Young age is one of the most important risk factors for sexually transmitted diseases and pelvic inflammatory disease. Sexually active adolescents have the highest incidence of Chlamydia trachomatis, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, and pelvic inflammatory disease of any sexually active age group. Long-term sequelae of pelvic inflammatory disease include ectopic pregnancy, tubal factor infertility, tubo-ovarian abscesses and chronic pelvic pain. Subclinical pelvic inflammatory disease is responsible for a significant portion of these long-term sequelae. New (2006) Centers for Disease Control and Prevention treatment guidelines for pelvic inflammatory disease are available. One of the best methods of prevention of pelvic inflammatory disease is to screen and treat sexually active adolescents for chlamydial infection. Implementation of nucleic acid amplification assays allows screening of adolescents via self-collected urine or vaginal swab samples.Summary Pelvic inflammatory disease is a highly preventable source of reproductive morbidity for adolescents. It is prudent that clinicians provide counseling regarding healthy sexual behaviors, STD prevention, and contraception whenever an adolescent presents in need of STD screening or evaluation for pelvic inflammatory disease.