A comparative perspective on lipid storage in animals
A comparative perspective on lipid storage in animals
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DOI：
10.1242/jcs.104992
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发表时间：
2013-04-01
影响因子：
4
通讯作者：
Laplante, Mathieu
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Birsoy, Kivanc;Festuccia, William T.;Laplante, Mathieu
脂质储存是一个进化保守的过程，存在于从简单的原核生物到人类的所有生物体中。在后生动物中，长期的脂肪积累仅限于特定的细胞类型，而专门用于储存脂肪的组织(脂肪组织)只存在于脊椎动物中。过多的脂肪堆积与严重的健康并发症有关，包括胰岛素抵抗、2型糖尿病、心血管疾病和癌症。因此，在过去的几十年里，在剖析涉及脂肪组织形成和维持的分子和细胞机制方面取得了重大进展。我们目前对脂肪组织发育的理解来自于体外细胞培养和小鼠模型，以及最近研究遗传易驯化的低等生物中脂肪储存的方法。这篇评论对单细胞和多细胞生物体中的脂肪储存进行了比较深入的了解，并特别强调了脊椎动物的脂肪组织。我们还重点介绍了调控哺乳动物脂肪组织形成的分子机制和营养信号。
Lipid storage is an evolutionary conserved process that exists in all organisms from simple prokaryotes to humans. In Metazoa, long-term lipid accumulation is restricted to specialized cell types, while a dedicated tissue for lipid storage (adipose tissue) exists only in vertebrates. Excessive lipid accumulation is associated with serious health complications including insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular diseases and cancer. Thus, significant advances have been made over the last decades to dissect out the molecular and cellular mechanisms involved in adipose tissue formation and maintenance. Our current understanding of adipose tissue development comes from in vitro cell culture and mouse models, as well as recent approaches to study lipid storage in genetically tractable lower organisms. This Commentary gives a comparative insight into lipid storage in uni- and multi-cellular organisms with a particular emphasis on vertebrate adipose tissue. We also highlight the molecular mechanisms and nutritional signals that regulate the formation of mammalian adipose tissue.