The Evolution of Resistance to a Parasite Is Determined by Resources
The Evolution of Resistance to a Parasite Is Determined by Resources
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DOI：
10.1086/660833
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发表时间：
2011-08-01
影响因子：
2.9
通讯作者：
Boots, Mike
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Boots, Mike
鉴于寄生虫的普遍存在，了解防御它们的进化至关重要。使用选择实验在广泛的主机资源，我研究如何阻力和相关的成本取决于资源的可用性。当有更多的资源时，宿主对天然病毒病原体的抵抗力会更高，这直接表明了抵抗力进化的资源依赖性成本。抗性与宿主的生长速度相权衡，在资源环境差的情况下，成本更高，尽管适应恶劣环境会降低这些成本。抗性水平和为这种抗性付出的代价取决于选择环境和宿主测定的环境，这意味着不同的抗性机制可能在不同的环境中进化。更广泛地说，这些结果强调了时间和空间上的环境异质性可能是免疫多样性变化的基础。
Given the ubiquity of parasites, it is critical to understand the evolution of defense against them. Using a selection experiment performed across a broad range of host resources, I examine how resistance and associated costs depend on resource availability. Higher resistance to a natural viral pathogen evolves in a host when there are more resources, and this directly suggests a resource-dependent cost of the evolution of resistance. Resistance is traded off with host growth rate, and the costs are stronger under poor resource environments, although adaptation to poor environments reduces these costs. The level of resistance and the costs that are paid for this resistance depend on both the selection environment and the environment in which hosts are assayed, implying that different resistance mechanisms may evolve in different environments. More broadly, the results emphasize that environmental heterogeneity in time and space may underpin variation in immune diversity.