Determining the Specification of a Control System from That of Its Environment
Determining the Specification of a Control System from That of Its Environment
复制标题
根据控制系统的环境规格确定控制系统的规格
DOI：
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发表时间：
2003
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Cliff B. Jones
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
I. Hayes;M. Jackson;Cliff B. Jones
根据给定的规范开发程序的方法是很容易理解的。一个正式的方法确定每个开发步骤的证明义务：如果所有这样的证明义务都被解除，则可以从最终程序中排除精确定义的错误类别。对于一类“封闭的”系统，这种方法提供了一个黄金标准，可以用来衡量不那么正式的方法。对于“开放”系统--那些与物理世界交互的系统--来说，获取程序规范的任务可能与派生程序的任务一样具有挑战性。而且，当这类系统必须容忍物理世界中的某些类型的不可靠性时，要确定所获得的规范是足够的仍然是更具挑战性的。我们认为，扩大软件开发的概念以包括指定物理世界相关部分的行为，可以提供一种方法来推导控制系统的规范，并准确地记录对计算机之外的世界所做的假设。
Well understood methods exist for developing programs from given specifications. A formal method identifies proof obligations at each development step: if all such proof obligations are discharged, a precisely defined class of errors can be excluded from the final program. For a class of "closed" systems such methods offer a gold standard against which less formal approaches can be measured. For "open" systems -those which interact with the physical world- the task of obtaining the program specification can be as challenging as the task of deriving the program. And, when a system of this class must tolerate certain kinds of unreliability in the physical world, it is still more challenging to reach confidence that the specification obtained is adequate. We argue that widening the notion of software development to include specifying the behaviour of the relevant parts of the physical world gives a way to derive the specification of a control system and also to record precisely the assumptions being made about the world outside the computer.